According to a survey, 63.7% of the highly educated people think that the pressure they face at work mainly comes from “fast updating of professional knowledge and incomplete knowledge structure”. They are sure that their work pressure is not caused by competitors, nor is it related to “irregular working hours and overtime”, but is caused by “rapid updating of professional knowledge and incomplete knowledge structure”. Among them, more than 20% of them think that “the company can’t give training and learning opportunities”, which intensifies their anxiety under the scenario of rapid knowledge update.
I. The specific clinical manifestations of anxiety disorders can be divided into four categories.
Physical tension, overreactivity of the autonomic nervous system, nameless worry about the future, and excessive vigilance. These symptoms can occur separately or together. Specific descriptions are as follows.
1. Physical tension
A person with anxiety often feels that he cannot relax and his whole body is tense. His face is tense, his brow is furrowed, his expression is tense, and he sighs.
2. Overreactivity of the autonomic nervous system
The sympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems of anxiety patients are often overloaded. Patients have sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, body chills and fever, cold hands and feet or fever, difficult stomach, excessive frequency of urination and defecation, and obstructive feeling in the throat.
3. Unnamed worries about the future
People with anxiety disorders are always worried about the future. They worry about their loved ones, their property, and their health.
4.Excessive vigilance
People with anxiety disorders are like a soldier on sentry duty at all times and are alert to every slightest movement in their surroundings. As they are always in a state of vigilance, it affects them to do all other work, and even affects their sleep.
Second, what are the factors that cause anxiety disorders?
1.Biological factors
It is believed that the occurrence of this disease is related to the frontal lobe and limbic system of the brain, and to the adrenergic system, GABAergic system, and pentraxinergic system. Disorders in the transmission process of inhibition, absorption, release and reabsorption of their neurotransmitters are the key to anxiety attacks. Many studies have found that patients with increased sympathetic activity and stress hypersensitivity predispose to the disorder. Genetic studies have shown that some aspects of the disorder have genetic characteristics. However, some people have expressed doubt that the emotional instability of anxiety disorder patients in family life does not exclude a direct impact on the psychological development of their offspring, rather than a completely genetic factor.
2. Psychosocial factors
The occurrence of anxiety disorders is mostly related to the social background, with the stimulation of life events as the main source of pathogenesis, such as life embarrassment, work difficulties, excessive learning pressure, and interpersonal tension. In addition, it is also closely related to immigration, layoff, business failure, and accidents.
Third, women are more likely to suffer from anxiety disorders than men
About 10% of the population shows signs of suffering from anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental illnesses, with the ratio of men to women being 1 to 2. Women may be more insecure based on their own physical and psychological makeup, leading to a higher incidence of them in this area than men. He said mental illnesses can be divided into two categories: mild and severe. The mild ones are also known collectively as neuroses, and commonly include anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders and phobias. More severe mental illnesses include depression and schizophrenia. Factors that contribute to psychosis include genetics, personality problems, and acquired environmental factors. Patients with OCD may have recurrent thoughts or behaviors that occur against their will, such as washing their hands constantly so that the skin on their hands is red and swollen, but continuing to do so anyway. The person knows that the thought or behavior is pointless and feels anxious about it, but cannot get rid of it. In general, patients with phobias have a strong fear of a particular thing, a particular environment or a relationship and feel nervous for no reason. Urban life is very stressful, everyone is more or less under varying degrees of stress. Medical experts then point out that the disability caused by mental ill health is estimated to be more serious than the overall damage caused by diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and arthritis to patients. In order to make people understand the importance of stress relief and have a basic understanding of various mental health problems.
Four, anxiety self-treatment
1.Increase self-confidence
Self-confidence is a necessary prerequisite for curing neurotic anxiety. Some people who do not have self-confidence in themselves are skeptical of their ability to accomplish and cope with things, exaggerate the possibility of their failure, and thus worry, stress and fear.
Therefore, as a person with neurotic anxiety, you must first be confident and reduce your feelings of inferiority. You should believe that every time you increase your self-confidence, your anxiety level will decrease a little bit, and you will regain your self-confidence, which means you will eventually expel your anxiety.
2. Self-relaxation
That is, free yourself from tension. For example, when you are in good spirits, imagine all possible dangerous scenarios, and let the weakest scenario appear first. And repeatedly, you will slowly think of any dangerous scenarios or the whole process no longer experience anxiety. At this point, it will be terminated.
3. Self-reflection
Some neurotic anxiety is due to the patient’s repression of certain emotional experiences or desires, repressing them unintentionally, but it does not disappear, still lurking in the unconscious, so the disease is created. At the onset of the disease, you only know the pain and anxiety, but you do not know the cause. Therefore, in this case, you must do self-reflection and tell the subconscious what is causing the pain. If necessary, you can vent, and the symptoms can usually disappear after venting.
4.Self-stimulation
After the onset of anxiety neurosis patients, the brain is always thinking, fidgeting, puzzling, painful. At this time, patients can use self-stimulation method to divert their attention. For example, when ruminating, find an interesting book that can attract people to read, or engage in intense physical work to forget about the painful things. This will prevent the rumination from producing other illnesses again, and also enhance your ability to adapt.
5.Self-hypnosis
Most people with anxiety disorders have sleep disorders, it is difficult to fall asleep or suddenly wake up from a dream, at this time you can perform self-suggestion hypnosis. For example, you can count, or read books with your hands up to prompt yourself to fall asleep.
Five, the anxiety disorder patient precautions
According to a recent report by Reuters, anxiety disorder is a common psychological disorder whose main symptom is that the patient is chronically filled with excessive, vague anxiety and worry that lacks a clear cause. Various medical and psychological studies now show that anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric symptoms that appear in childhood, and in many cases, adults with anxiety disorders mostly experience their first symptoms during childhood.
Psychologists believe that the causes of these mental disorders are very complex; it can be genetic in nature or caused by the acquired environment. Some anxiety disorders may be hereditary, with some children showing extreme symptoms of shyness even at the age of 4 months, with a racing heart, crying or fear at the sight of a stranger. As time progresses, however, some children will slowly grow up and get rid of these fears; and of course they can overcome these obstacles by undergoing psychotherapy, such as play therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, which have been effective treatments for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in recent years.
Psychologists point out that there is also no need for parents to worry excessively about their shy children, about their periodic nightmares caused by scary experiences, or about the fear that these anxiety disorders will ruin their children’s lives; the most important thing is that they should be treated objectively and actively guided and treated; after all, shy children do not always turn into anxious adults, and many symptoms of anxiety disorders are likely to fade away as they grow older.