How to effectively prevent discoloration around the umbilicus

Periumbilical discoloration is one of the signs of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis. Acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis is a type of acute pancreatitis, which is caused by the continued development of acute edematous pancreatitis lesions. There is extensive necrosis of pancreatic alveoli, fat and blood vessels, edema of pancreatic tissue, increase in size, and extensive hemorrhagic necrosis. The retroperitoneal space is heavily hemorrhagic with exudate. The omentum and tissues of the lining are digested by the exuded pancreatic enzymes. This type of pancreatitis is serious and develops rapidly, with many complications and high mortality. How to effectively prevent and treat periumbilical discoloration? 1. Non-surgical treatment When the diagnosis is clear, the clinical manifestations are not serious, and there is no infection in the necrotic pancreas and its surrounding tissues, active conservative treatment can be taken first. (1) Fasting and continuous gastrointestinal decompression. (2) Replenish blood volume and pay attention to correct water and electrolyte disorders and maintain acid-base balance. (3) Application of enzyme inhibitors, etc. Apply atropine, 5-fluorouracil, peptidase, and growth inhibitors and their analogues when available. (4) Nutritional support. Apply total gastrointestinal nutrition and appropriate calcium supplementation. In case of hyperglycemia, apply insulin. (5) Apply effective antibiotics to prevent the occurrence or development of infection. (6) Insert an outflow tube under the umbilicus to reach the lowest position of the abdominal cavity and instill 1000ml of abdominal dialysis fluid through the input tube within 15 minutes, and open the outflow tube after 30 minutes of clamping, until the abdominal lavage fluid is free of turbidity and amylase determination is normal. 2, surgical treatment (1) indications: ① the diagnosis of necrotizing pancreatitis is not clear, and other acute abdominal conditions requiring surgical treatment cannot be ruled out. (2) Hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis after non-surgical treatment does not show significant clinical improvement or secondary pancreatic and peripancreatic infection. (3) Biliary pancreatitis, such as patients with pancreatitis caused by roundworm burrowing into the pancreatic duct or common bile duct stones. (2) Surgical procedures: ①Drainage: incision of the gastrocolic ligament and pancreatic envelope, and multiple drains built into the omental sac and abdominal cavity. (2) Necrotic tissue removal: fully incise the pancreatic envelope, remove the pancreas and peripancreatic necrotic tissue, and place multiple drains in the abdominal cavity. (③) Regular pancreatic resection: if the pancreatic necrosis is limited, regular caudal or cervical resection of the pancreatic body is feasible, and drainage is placed in the pancreatic resection area. ④Additional surgery: biliary drainage, jejunostomy or gastrostomy.