Adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung is less common among lung cancers and is a specific type of non-small cell lung cancer. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung accounts for approximately 0.4% to 4.0% of lung cancers. According to the 2015 WHO classification, a tumor must contain at least 10% adenocarcinoma or squamous component to be diagnosed as adenosquamous carcinoma. The diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung is easily missed or misdiagnosed by preoperative bronchoscopic brushings or cell washings, and requires a combination of clinical data, pathologic features and immunohistochemical techniques, and if necessary, genetic testing for further clarification. Some studies have shown that because adenosquamous lung cancer is not simply a combination of two components of adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma, it has both the malignant biological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous lung carcinoma and its special clinical features. Compared with simple lung adenocarcinoma or squamous lung carcinoma, it is more malignant, more aggressive, and has earlier lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis, lower survival rate, poorer prognosis, and poorer effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and also differs in treatment from There are differences in treatment with other non-small cell lung cancers. Studies have shown that the mode of lymph node dissection is related to the survival time of lung adenosquamous carcinoma patients after surgery. There are several types of surgery: lobectomy, bronchial sleeve lobectomy, total pneumonectomy and thoracoscopic-assisted thoracic surgery, etc. The surgical approach is basically similar to other non-small cell lung cancers, and different surgical methods can be used according to the tumor location, mass size, infiltration and lymph node metastasis. 21 patients with adenosquamous lung cancer underwent different surgical approaches, and the 5-year survival rate was 33%, with a median survival time of 39 months. The median survival time was 39 months, and the recurrence-free survival rate at 3 years after surgery was 56%, including 69% for stage I patients. The study showed that the 5- and 10-year survival rates of 96 patients with lung adenosquamous carcinoma after surgical resection were 25.4% and 19.2%, respectively, with a median survival time of 20 months; the 5- and 10-year survival rates of patients with lung adenocarcinoma were 42.5% and 39.1%, respectively, with a median survival time of 28.5 months, with statistically significant differences. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 63.3% for stage IA pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma patients and 72.1% for pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients. In conclusion, although the surgical procedure of pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma is similar to that of lung adenocarcinoma and others, its prognosis is worse and the survival rate of patients can be improved after surgery, which is still the first choice and main treatment for pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma and the only method that can cure patients. Therefore, early detection and early surgery are the keys to prolong the survival time of patients with adenosquamous lung cancer. As to whether postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary for adenosquamous lung cancer, Feng Zhenxing et al. showed that among 102 patients with stage III adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery, the 5-year survival rate of patients with ≥4 cycles of postoperative chemotherapy (29 cases) (19.2%) was better than that of patients with 1 to 3 cycles (10.0%) and patients without chemotherapy (3.6%), suggesting that adjuvant chemotherapy can The adjuvant chemotherapy regimen was basically similar to that of other non-small cell lung cancers, and significantly prolonged the survival of patients with stage III adenosquamous lung cancer with at least 4 cycles of chemotherapy. The study showed that 23 patients with lung adenosquamous carcinoma who could not undergo radical resection for various reasons and only underwent palliation were treated with radiotherapy after surgery, and 19 patients received systemic chemotherapy after radiotherapy, and the results showed that those who survived >3 years were all patients with 6 to 8 cycles of chemotherapy, while all 4 patients who did not undergo chemotherapy had distant metastases. In patients with resectable pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma, postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy improves survival and reduces the risk of distant metastases. For patients with EGFR mutations, the combination of pemetrexed and platinum appears to achieve more promising results. III. Targeted therapy Currently, treatment against EGFR is the most widely used and most efficacious driver gene-targeted therapy in NSCLC, especially epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), which were first used clinically as gefitinib. A Japanese report showed that a female non-smoker with adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung was treated with 4 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery and started oral gefitinib after a 6-month review revealed new metastatic lesions and achieved a progression-free survival time of 19 months. Another study showed that a female patient with adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung with an EGFR activating mutation was treated with gefitinib at second-line therapy and achieved a sustained outcome of at least 3 years. Song et al. retrospectively analyzed 49 patients with pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma treated with EGFR-TKI drugs, of whom 13 patients achieved partial remission and 19 patients were stable, with an objective remission rate of 26.5%, a disease control rate of 65.3% (32/49), and median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of 4.3 and 17.6 months, respectively; 21 Of the 21 patients tested for EGFR mutations, 7 (33.3%) had EGFR mutations (4 in exon 19 and 3 in L858R in exon 21) and 14 patients were EGFR wild-type; in the mutation group, there were 5 cases of partial remission, 1 case of stable disease and 1 case of disease progression; the objective response rate in the wild-type group was 7.1% (1/14) and the disease control rate The objective response rate in the wild-type group was 7.1% (1/14) and the disease control rate was 42.9% (5/14); the PFS in the wild-type and mutation groups were 2.1 and 8.7 months, respectively (P = 0.013). This indicates that EGFR-TKI drugs are effective in the treatment of pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma and are significantly more effective in patients with EGFR gene mutations than in wild-type patients. The efficacy of treatment targeting the microtubule-like protein 4 intercalated lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene in echinoderm is clear for non-small cell lung cancer. chaft et al. showed that in a 58-year-old lung cancer patient with a definite diagnosis of adenosquamous lung cancer after surgical resection, the ALK fusion gene was detected by postoperative fluorescence in situ hybridization. the patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery, and the disease recurred 2 years later with the administration of After oral crizotinib was given, the patient’s lung lesions continued to shrink within 13 months, while lymph node metastases remained stable, and crizotinib was effective for the treatment of adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung. Therefore, testing for EML4-ALK gene fusions is necessary, but future studies are still needed to provide data on the efficacy of drugs such as crizotinib in pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma. For patients with pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma, EML4-ALK gene testing can be performed clinically and further treatment with crizotinib can be considered for those patients with this gene detected. Mesenchymal epidermal transforming factor (c-Met) is a tyrosine kinase receptor whose abnormal activation occurs in a variety of malignancies, including lung cancer. The use of c-Met and its targeted therapeutic agents in patients with adenosquamous lung cancer needs to be further investigated so that patients with adenosquamous lung cancer can also benefit from it. Genetic sequencing of biopsy pathology and postoperative pathology specimens is feasible, and studies have confirmed genes such as EGFR, K-ras and EML4-ALK, and many patients with pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma benefit from targeted therapies in clinical practice. Therefore, when the conditions are suitable, treatment with the corresponding targeted drugs can be tried.