Cerebrovascular disease is one of the most common diseases that endanger human health and life. Therefore, it is very important to enhance the prevention of cerebrovascular disease. To prevent cerebrovascular disease, we must first control the risk factors that lead to cerebrovascular disease.
1, hypertension: hypertension has long been recognized as the most important risk factor for cerebrovascular disease (including hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebrovascular disease), and the level of blood pressure is linearly related to the increase in the risk of cerebrovascular disease. And early treatment of hypertension can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality of cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, for people over 35 years of age, regular physical examinations should be performed to understand the presence of hypertension, and those with systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg must undergo standardized treatment. If hypertension is present, the following issues should be noted.
(1) Limit salt and eat a light diet;
(2) Exercise appropriately;
(3) Adhere to medication without interruption.
2, heart disease: including a variety of heart disease. Cardiac-cerebrovascular is a system, when the heart function is weakened, due to the reduction of heart output and circulating blood volume, the blood in the brain is also reduced accordingly. Therefore, active treatment of various heart diseases is also an important measure to prevent and treat cerebrovascular diseases.
3, diabetes: diabetes because of its disorder of sugar metabolism, can make the body of small, medium and large blood vessels hardening, narrowing, which leads to ischemic cerebrovascular disease (cerebral infarction) occur. It should be controlled from the following aspects.
① reasonable diet, is the basic method of treatment of diabetes, appropriate to limit the total amount of food eaten daily, but should supply the necessary nutrition for labor, should achieve a balance of the three major nutrients (sugar, fat, protein), to prevent partial diet;
② Appropriate exercise, exercise therapy is only suitable for patients with well-controlled diabetes, and should be closely coordinated with diet therapy and drug therapy.
4, transient ischemic attack: transient ischemic attack occurs due to transient cerebral blood supply deficiency, manifested as recurrent transient speech, motor and sensory impairment, which may be a precursor of serious cerebrovascular disease. If timely and effective treatment is obtained during this period, the formation of cerebral infarction can also be prevented.
5, hyperlipidemia: hyperlipidemia is significantly related to the onset of coronary heart disease, and the causal relationship with cerebrovascular disease is viewed differently, but the prevention of hyperlipidemia is equally important. Comprehensive treatment is generally advocated, including.
① Eat a reasonable diet and eat more foods that can lower blood lipids;
② Application of lipid-lowering drugs;
③ make some appropriate exercise.
6, smoking and alcohol abuse: smoking is not only one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease, but also for cerebrovascular disease. Epidemiological studies show that smokers have a higher incidence of cerebrovascular disease than nonsmokers, and the amount of daily smoking and the duration of smoking is also directly proportional to the incidence of cerebrovascular disease. Alcohol abuse is certainly harmful to the cerebrovascular, but a small amount of alcohol may have some benefits. Therefore, it is advocated that smoking is prohibited and alcohol is consumed sparingly.
7, abnormal blood rheology: abnormal blood rheology is also one of the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, it is necessary to check the blood rheology regularly. And some drugs such as aspirin, long-term small doses of oral may reduce platelet aggregation, the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease has a certain effect.
8, to be alert to the recurrence of cerebrovascular disease: In addition to controlling the previous risk factors, patients themselves should strive to.
①Strengthen the exercise of daily life ;
②Take light and low-cholesterol food as appropriate;
③Maintain a healthy mind and good mood;
④Overcome bad habits.
In addition, we should avoid some triggers that cause cerebrovascular disease, such as poor mood (anger, excitement), poor diet (overeating, improper drinking), overwork, excessive force, excessive exercise, sudden sitting up and other postural changes, constipation, watching TV for too long, etc.
In conclusion, the threat of cerebrovascular disease to human life and health is very serious, but if everyone can clearly understand its risk factors and actively prevent them, the incidence of cerebrovascular disease will be significantly reduced.