Definition of coordination Coordination (coordination) is the ability of the body to produce smooth, accurate, controlled movement. The quality of the movement accomplished should include several aspects such as following a certain direction and rhythm, using the appropriate force and speed, and achieving an accurate goal. Coordination is closely related to balance. Coordination dysfunction is also known as ataxia (dystaxia).
Classification of coordination
Cerebellar ataxia, cerebral ataxia, sensory ataxia
Assessment of coordination
Finger-nose test, finger-finger test, alternating test, index finger-to-finger test, thumb-to-finger test, fist clenching test, knee tapping test, heel-knee-shin test, rotation test, and floor tapping test.
Coordination training
I. Factors affecting coordination training
1.The role of coordination-related sensations
2.The frequency of movement
3.The motor control system related to coordination
Other factors: such as spiritual, psychological, cognitive and patient’s initiative, etc.
Second, the basic principles of coordination training
1, from easy to difficult, step by step: the practice of movement from simple to complex.
2, repetitive training: each action needs to be repeated in order to strengthen the effect.
3, targeted training: targeted training for specific coordination obstacles, so that more purposeful.
4, comprehensive training: in addition to coordination training, but also related training, such as improving muscle strength and balance training.
Third, coordination training methods
Upper limb coordination training
1, double upper limbs alternately lift.
2.Both upper limbs alternately touch the shoulder lift: the left and right upper limbs alternately bend the elbow, touch the same side of the shoulder, and then lift up.
3.Both upper limbs alternate forward extension: the upper limbs should be extended forward to the horizontal position, and gradually increase the speed.
4.Alternate elbow flexion: The starting position of both upper limbs is the anatomical position, then alternate elbow flexion on the left and right side, and pat the ipsilateral shoulder with your hand. Gradually increase the speed.
5.Forearm rotation front, rotation back: Shoulder joint forward flexion 90o, elbow straight, left and right side at the same time, forearm rotation front, rotation back exercises. Or practice on one side for a certain amount of time, then switch to the other side.
6.Wrist flexion and extension: Bilateral wrist flexion and extension exercises at the same time, or practice on one side for a certain period of time, and then switch to the other side to practice.
7, hands alternate palm pat back: hands placed on the chest, the left palm pat right palm back, then the right palm pat left palm back, so alternately, gradually increase the speed.
8, finger nose exercise: the left and right side alternately with the index finger finger nose, or one side with the index finger nose, repeated practice for a certain period of time, and then change the other side of the practice.
9, finger exercises: the corresponding fingers of both hands touch each other, alternating from the thumb to the little finger; or the thumb of the left hand and the remaining four fingers respectively, practice for a certain period of time, and then switch to the right hand, or both hands at the same time. The above exercises should also gradually increase the speed.
10, finger knocking desktop: both hands simultaneously with five fingers alternately knocking the desktop, or one side of the practice for a certain period of time, and then switch to the other side of the practice.
11.Other: drawing, playing checkers, etc.
Lower limb coordination training
1, alternate hip flexion: lie on your back, knee straight, left and right side alternate hip flexion to 90o, gradually increase the speed.
2, alternate knee extension: sit on the edge of the bed, lower legs naturally dropping, alternate knee extension on the left and right side.
3.Sitting alternate stepping: alternate stepping between the left and right side while sitting, and gradually increase the speed.
4.Patting exercise: heel touching the ground, toe lifting for patting action, you can do it with both feet at the same time or separately.
Overall coordination training
1.Step in place: step while alternating arms of both upper limbs, and gradually increase the speed.
2, in situ high legged running: high legged running while alternating arms of both upper limbs, gradually increase the speed.
3, other: jump rope, shuttlecock, etc.
Notes on coordination training
1.Coordination training is applicable to patients with coordination dysfunction.
2, when the patient has serious heart rate arrhythmia, heart failure or serious infection, or severe spasticity, etc., the training is not suitable for the time being.
3.Before and during training, attention should be paid to coordination function assessment in order to understand the problem and develop or modify the training program.
4, coordination function training is not isolated, to be carried out at the same time the corresponding muscle strength training, balance function training and other training.