Condyloma acuminate (CA), also known as genital warts and venereal warts, is a viral wart that is epithelial, caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted disease that occurs on the genitals, vulva and anus. The second most common STD in China is condyloma acuminata.
I. Etiology
The HPV infection is transmitted through sexual contact and can be facilitated by small creations at the site of contact. HPV causes warts on the skin and proliferative lesions in the pharynx, anus, and urethral mucosa. The majority of HPV infections are benign and can subside on their own, but there are a few cases of deterioration.
Clinical manifestations
1. age of onset Mostly seen in sexually active young people and middle-aged people, the peak age of onset is 20~25 years old. 2. incubation period
2. incubation period The incubation period is from 1 to 6 months, with an average of 3 months. 3.
The most common sites in men are the coronal sulcus, prepuce, glans, inner foreskin, urethra, penis, anus, etc. In women, the most common sites are labia majora and minora, vaginal opening, vaginal wall, clitoris, perineum, cervix, urethra, anus, etc. The most important thing is that the skin is not so much a part of the body as it is a part of the body.
The actual diagnosis
The diagnosis of warts in addition to a history of impure sexual intercourse, vulva, anus and other places appear without redness, painless and itchy wart-like rash, should be highly suspected. When warts are co-infected, it is more difficult to diagnose clinically. The following tests can help with the diagnosis.
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2. immunohistochemical examination Take a small amount of lesion tissue to make a smear and stain it with specific antibodies against human papilloma virus.
Pathological examination mainly consists of incomplete keratinization, high hypertrophy of the spinous layer, papillomatous hyperplasia, thickened and prolonged epidermal protrusions, and the degree of hyperplasia may resemble pseudoepithelioma-like.
4. genetic diagnosis So far, HPV is difficult to detect by traditional viral culture and serological techniques, and the main experimental diagnostic technique is nucleic acid hybridization.
IV. Treatment
Since there are no specific antiviral drugs available, the treatment of acromegaly must be a combination of treatments. Control of STDs is the best way to prevent CA, and there is no effective vaccine available. When treating urethral condyloma acuminata while treating its lesions, systemic treatment is an option.
1. surgical treatment such as transurethral electrodesiccation, holmium laser, and photodynamic therapy can effectively remove warts, but the recurrence rate is high and must be combined with drug infusion.
3. Immunotherapy The use of interferon inducers or interferon, interleukin, etc.
V. Prevention
1. Cleanliness and self-love, avoid extramarital sexual activity.
2. Promote the use of condoms.
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The patient’s underwear, bath towels, etc. should be used separately, and should pay attention to disinfection.