There are two types of bile duct stones: primary and secondary. Primary bile duct stones are stones that originate in the biliary system (including intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts), while secondary bile duct stones are stones that originate in the gallbladder and are discharged through the cystic duct and remain in the common bile duct. The treatment of bile duct stones is mainly surgical. The principles of treatment for extrahepatic bile ducts are to remove stones, relieve obstruction, smooth bile flow, and prevent infection. For those with acute severe cholangitis, anti-infection treatment, correction of systemic toxic symptoms, and early surgery should be carried out in a timely manner. With the maturity of minimally invasive technology, the surgery for bile duct stones is not only the traditional open incision and stone extraction, but now there is also the minimally invasive treatment of bile duct stones with the combination of laparoscopy, choledochoscopy and duodenoscopy. When the bile duct stones are removed, choledochoscopy is performed to confirm that there are no residual stones. If the choledochoscopy cannot be determined or is suspicious, intraoperative cholangiography can be performed through T-tube to confirm and then T-tube drainage can be placed. For asymptomatic intrahepatic bile duct stones, observation and conservative treatment are currently the mainstay, but some intrahepatic bile duct stones with symptoms such as recurrent fever and jaundice and abdominal pain should be treated surgically. The specific surgical procedures are: biliary ductotomy and lithotomy, partial hepatectomy, repair and reconstruction of hilar bile duct stenosis, liver transplantation, etc. Intrahepatic bile duct stones are more or less combined with extrahepatic bile duct stones, so if there is any discomfort, you should seek medical treatment in time.