Etiology The etiology of the disease is more complex, related to a variety of internal and external factors, and sometimes it is difficult to identify the specific cause of the disease. The ingestion of food allergens in the digestive tract, such as fish, shrimp, beef and lamb, eggs and other sensitizing factors, can cause type I allergic reactions to occur in the body. In addition, mechanical friction, such as frequent stimulation by saliva and overflow, is also a trigger for the disease. Improper care, such as excessive use of stronger alkaline soaps, excessive nutrition, and abnormal digestion in the intestines can also cause the disease. Certain external factors, such as sunlight, ultraviolet rays, cold, humidity, heat and other physical factors, contact with silk or synthetic fibers, topical medications, and bacterial infections of the skin can cause or aggravate eczema. Clinical manifestations Most of the children start to suffer from eczema in the first to third month after birth, and the disease gradually decreases after 6 months, and most of the children will recover spontaneously after one and a half years of age. Most children recover spontaneously after one and a half years of age. Some of the children are delayed to toddlers or childhood. The severity of the disease varies, and the rash is mostly seen on the head and face, gradually spreading to the neck, shoulders, trunk and limbs. 1, clinical staging (1) acute stage: the onset of acute, skin manifestations of most clusters of small red papules and erythema, basal edema, and soon become papules and small blisters, blisters burst vesicles, there is obvious yellow ooze or yellow-white plasma crust, thickness varies, the periphery can be seen in the scattering of small papules. Facial skin may be flushed and swollen. Axillary and inguinal areas are often combined with erosions. The ulceration may be secondary to infection. The child is itchy and irritable. (2) Subacute stage: evolved from acute eczema due to improper treatment. Exudation of redness and swelling, crusting gradually reduced, the lesions are mainly small papules, may have white scales, residual few papules and vesicles. The itchiness is slightly reduced (3) Chronic phase: evolved from the acute, subacute phase, or the beginning of the chronic phase performance. Repeated episodes, mostly seen in infants and children over 1 year old. Rough skin, hypertrophy, papules, scales and hyperpigmentation are the main clinical manifestations. Mostly distributed in the limbs, under certain triggers, can be acute attacks, obvious itching. (1) Seborrheic type: mostly seen in infants aged 1 to 3 months. Children with forehead, cheeks and eyebrows skin red, covered with yellow greasy scales, the top of the head may have a thick yellow liquid crust. In severe cases, there may be rubbing, flushing and oozing under the chin, back of the neck, armpits and groin. (2) Exudative type: Most common in infants aged 3 to 6 months. The child’s bilateral cheeks can be seen symmetrically small rice grain size red papules, between small blisters and erythema, the bottom of the edema, flaky vesicles, there is a yellow pulp oozing. (3) Dry type: mostly seen in infants aged 6 months to 1 year. Skin lesions manifested as papules, erythema, hard furfuraceous scales and crusts, commonly found on the face, trunk and lateral extensor surfaces of the limbs. Diagnosis According to the age of onset, rash manifestations, it is not difficult to diagnose. Differential diagnosis 1, erythema rubra erythema rubra erythema is seen behind the ear, inguinal, perianal, neck, mostly occurring in obese infants, preferably in the summer, due to hot and humid, salivation, local care due to inappropriate. 2.Contact dermatitis Contact dermatitis has a history of contact, skin damage occurs in the contact area, the border is clear. 3.Candida infection Candida infection is a reddish patch and flat papules with raised edges and clear borders, the edges may have a small amount of scales, while often combined with thrush. Fungal examination is feasible. Dietary management It is best to find and avoid allergens. For example, children allergic to cow’s milk protein should change to amino acid formula powder or deeply hydrolyzed protein formula powder. Children should be bathed every day to keep the skin clean and moist, but the water temperature should not be too high, and chemical toiletries should be used as little as possible. For exudative and dry eczema, if the surface is not broken, the child should be given some non-allergic moisturizing cream to moisturize. For severe eczema, local short-term topical corticosteroid cream can be applied, with obvious anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effect, pay attention to avoid prolonged high-dose application to avoid side effects. If the local ulcerated infection, you need to apply local antibiotic ointment anti-inflammatory treatment. 3.Oral antihistamines Oral antihistamines such as paracetamol and Xanthamin can be taken under the guidance of the doctor. 4.Systemic application of corticosteroids Whether oral or intravenous corticosteroids, can quickly control the symptoms, but easy to recur after stopping the drug, can not be cured, and long-term application of dependence and a variety of adverse reactions, it should be used with caution. Generalized acute eczema other therapeutic effect is not good, can be short-term oral prednisone, after the condition improves gradually reduce the amount.