Constipation is very common in children and can be characterized by decreased frequency of bowel movements (≤2/week); dry, hard stools; difficult (laborious, time-consuming) bowel movements; painful bowel movements; and a feeling of incomplete bowel movements. Ninety percent of constipation in children is functional constipation. The treatment strategy for functional constipation in children mainly includes basic treatment, medication, behavioral treatment, surgery and follow-up. Basic treatment is based on family education, diet modification and lifestyle changes. It is necessary to drink sufficient amount of water (including water and juice in food), balanced diet (encourage breastfeeding and increase the intake of dietary fiber), appropriate exercise, and reasonable toilet training (for children over 4 years old, toileting after each meal for 5-10 min per day). If basic treatment is not effective for 2 weeks, drug treatment should be started. Oral osmotic laxatives (polyethylene glycol or lactulose) or rectal laxatives are preferred for 3-6 d to relieve fecal impaction and restore regular and comfortable bowel habits as soon as possible. After laxative treatment is completed, maintenance therapy is started to prevent reaccumulation of stool. Maintenance therapy includes dietary modification, medication and behavioral therapy, and can last for 2 months. Psycho-behavioral treatment Psycho-behavioral and constipation are causally related to each other. Various psycho-behavioral factors can affect gastrointestinal function. In children with specific behavioral manifestations, such as autism and obesity, short-term anxiety and stress can affect bowel habits. Stressful events such as separation from close friends, examination failure, intimidation, parental unemployment, frequent corporal punishment, and living in war-affected areas are all associated with a high incidence of constipation. Methods and techniques guidance: 1, infants and young children: parents educate the affected children to establish healthy defecation habits, that is, at the appropriate time, using appropriate methods, such as the use of brightly colored, attractive appearance of children (small animal image) of the toilet seat, training after dinner is more appropriate, both to use the gastrocolonic reflex, parents are also more relaxed mental and emotional, once a day, gradually form habits, and can be used to improve the effect of rewards. 2, larger children: guidance at the appropriate time (generally after dinner, can avoid the mental tension due to time constraints) choose the appropriate potty, take the appropriate defecation position, relax the legs and feet, knees slightly higher than the hips, deep breathing breath hold breath while pushing down, repeated training until normal toileting.