In the past two months, old man Huang had recurrent chest tightness and was found to have a left upper lung nodule on external CT examination. On our spiral thin layer CT (low dose), a small nodule of 1.0×0.5 cm in the posterior segment of his left upper lung apices was shown, and the imaging features were very consistent with the manifestation of lung cancer. Since the old man had suffered from chronic emphysema for many years, smoked heavily, and had poor lung function, he could not tolerate general lobectomy surgery, which caused greater problems for the clinical surgeon. In response to this situation, the Department of Thoracic Surgery asked the Director of the Department of Radiology, Zhao Zhenjun, and other consultation, and together developed a meticulous surgical plan, and decided to perform thoracoscopic posterior segmental lung resection. Recently, Chen Gang, director of the Department of Thoracic Surgery, successfully performed thoracoscopic resection of the posterior segment of the left upper lung and mediastinal lymph node dissection for Mr. Huang. The surgery was successful, with the aim of maximizing tumor removal while preserving healthy lung tissue, protecting lung function and improving the patient’s quality of life. After the operation, Mr. Huang recovered very quickly with careful care and was discharged from the hospital five days after the operation. According to Director Chen Gang, the patients’ lesions were mostly around 1 cm in diameter, and both patients’ general condition and lung function status could not tolerate lobectomy, so they chose to undergo total lumpectomy of the right lower dorsal lung segment and left lower dorsal lung segment respectively, and the surgeries were successful. Director Chen Gang said that thoracoscopic lung surgery has a clearer field of view, reveals sufficient angles, reduces damage to blood vessels and lung tissues, helps reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation, pulmonary air leak, and lung infection, helps patients actively cough up and excrete sputum after surgery, and enables patients to recover earlier after surgery and shortens their hospital stay. However, total lumpectomy lung segment resection is more difficult and the operation requires higher requirements for the operating surgeon. In addition to the need for skilled thoracoscopic operation, it is also important to strictly grasp the indications for lung segment resection, such as some benign lung diseases such as inflammatory pseudotumor, malformation tumor, tuberculosis ball, pulmonary cyst, bronchiectasis, slow fungal infection, bronchial adenoma, sclerosing hemangioma, intrapulmonary type lung isolation, congenital cystic adenoma-like malformation, congenital segmental bronchial atresia, etc. Lobectomy is not recommended. Thoracic surgery has been actively explored in minimally invasive surgery for lung cancer for more than 6 years, and thoracoscopic lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection has become a routine procedure for patients with early to mid-stage lung cancer, and rich experience has been accumulated. Only three small incisions of 1-2.5cm are needed to perform complete lung cancer resection cleanly, quickly and safely. During the same period, the Department of Thoracic Surgery also carried out dozens of cases of thoracoscopic bronchial sleeve resection for lung cancer and total pneumonectomy, both of which achieved good surgical results and greatly broadened the indications for minimally invasive lung cancer surgery, which caused a large response in China. Dr. Zhou Haiyu also pointed out that the lung lobectomy or segmental lung resection under total lumpectomy has developed from the original three incisions to two incisions and single-incision (single-hole) surgery, the principle of which is still the maximum possible removal of tumor and maximum protection of lung function, and different total lumpectomy procedures have now become one of the standards for individualized lung resection surgery in thoracic surgery, and the operating time of various total lumpectomy lung surgeries in provincial hospitals is about 1 hour. The chest tube is removed 2-3 days after surgery and the patient is discharged from the hospital in 5-6 days, which has become the basis for rapid recovery from lung cancer surgery.