Dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the more serious heart diseases. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a cardiomyopathy characterized by enlargement of the left ventricle or both ventricles with systolic dysfunction. It can be caused by a variety of factors, such as high blood pressure, arrhythmia, myocarditis, etc. It can also occur in late pregnancy or 6 months after delivery. Dilated cardiomyopathy may be asymptomatic in the early stage, or manifested by dyspnea and decreased activity tolerance during activity, followed by symptoms of left heart insufficiency such as nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea and sedentary breathing, and symptoms of right heart insufficiency such as decreased appetite, abdominal distension, and edema of the lower limbs in the late stage. The diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy requires timely and standardized treatment to prevent further damage to the myocardium leading to heart failure. The treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy should actively search for the cause of the disease, such as controlling infections, strictly limiting smoking, quitting alcohol, and treating the corresponding underlying diseases. Early symptoms of heart failure have not yet appeared, should be actively given drug intervention, such as the use of ACEI or ARB under the guidance of the doctor, can reduce ventricular remodeling, delay the development of lesions, if the symptoms of heart failure, the need to control sodium intake in accordance with the treatment of heart failure. In conclusion, dilated cardiomyopathy is a more serious heart disease, need to timely medical treatment, standardized treatment, so as to achieve good therapeutic effect.