Hepatitis B aminotransferase decrease and elevated alpha-fetoprotein need to be treated according to the cause of the disease, and the common causes are hepatitis and liver cancer. The treatment includes regular checkups, continued antiviral therapy, and surgery or hepatic artery embolization if the elevation is serious enough to progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. 1. Hepatitis: a slight elevation of alpha-fetoprotein indicates that there is still a slight inflammation, and regular rechecking of alpha-fetoprotein is needed, as well as continuation of antiviral treatment. 2. Hepatocellular carcinoma: if hepatitis B aminotransferase decreases and alpha-fetoprotein is obviously elevated, it suggests the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and different treatments should be taken according to the grading of liver function. If the liver function grade is A or B, and there is no large amount of ascites and jaundice, radical resection should be preferred. When the liver function grade is C, hepatic artery chemoembolization should be preferred, and then surgical treatment should be carried out after the liver function improves. If severe elevation of alpha-fetoprotein occurs with other symptoms, prompt hospitalization is recommended.