What tests are commonly used to screen for chronic kidney disease? Most patients with chronic kidney disease have no symptoms or mild symptoms in the early stage, therefore, early laboratory tests are very important. To achieve early detection, the key is to insist on regular screening every year. Even if there are no symptoms, it is usually necessary to screen urine routine and kidney function once a year. If you have high blood pressure, diabetes, etc., you should regularly check urine routine, kidney function and other items twice or more per year (depending on the condition); if you already have certain symptoms, you should go to the hospital for a more comprehensive examination as soon as possible. 1, urinary routine urine routine is the most simple examination of the urinary system for the presence of lesions, the nature and extent of lesions. Among them: (1) urine protein (Pro): positive urine protein is often caused by kidney disease, but excessive plasma protein, strenuous exercise, fever, heart failure, pericardial effusion and drugs may also cause positive urine protein. (2) Glucose (Glu): positive urine glucose indicates decreased renal tubular reabsorption or diabetes mellitus. When blood glucose is normal and urine glucose is positive, it is called “renal diabetes”, which means that the renal tubular reabsorption of glucose is abnormal (glucose leaks out of the renal tubules), not diabetes. (3) Erythrocytes (Ery): Positive urine red blood cells is called “hematuria”. In mild cases, hematuria cannot be detected by the naked eye and can only be determined by microscopic examination, called “microscopic hematuria”; in severe cases, the urine is the color of washed water or even blood, called “carnal hematuria”. “Hematuria is commonly seen in glomerulonephritis, urinary tract infection, urinary stones, and sometimes in tumors, cysts, malformations, and trauma of the urinary tract. (4) Leukocytes (LEU): Fresh middle urine examination, if leukocytes (1+~4+) appear, it often indicates urinary tract infection, and sometimes it can also indicate non-infectious interstitial renal tubular lesions. (5) Other influencing factors: drugs or food can change the color and pH of urine; dilution of urine after drinking a lot of water can affect urine specific gravity and other items; urinalysis during menstruation and within 2-3 days before and after menstruation in female patients can affect urine results. 2, urine sediment phase contrast microscopy (urine red blood cell morphology examination) If urine anomalous red blood cells > 80% are found, hematuria should be considered to come from the glomerulus. 3.Serum creatinine concentration (sCr). 4.Myohepatic clearance (Ccr). 5, 24-hour urine protein volume.