Stroke is medically known as cerebrovascular disease, which is commonly referred to as a disease caused by lesions in the blood vessels supplying the brain, mainly manifesting as hemiparesis, visual impairment, and speech impairment (inability to speak or spit out words). Strokes are classified as cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and transient ischemic attack. Recognition of stroke: Aura manifestations of stroke: headache, dizziness, tinnitus, hemianesthesia, nausea. Capital Medical University III Important manifestations: hemiparesis, speech impairment, hemianesthesia, nausea, vomiting, coma in severe cases, headache, nausea, vomiting in intracranial hemorrhage. Specific manifestations: The onset of manifestations varies from patient to patient and may manifest as one or several of the following Disorders of consciousness: The milder ones are in a trance and drowsy, and fall asleep again soon after waking up. In severe cases, sudden coma may occur. Unilateral limb sensory impairment: i.e. hemiplegia or hemiplegia without sensation to pain, hot or cold. Unilateral limb movement disorder: inflexible movement of one limb, inability to lift heavy objects, walking to one side or inability to walk. Speech impairment: poor speech or inability to speak, or speech that cannot be understood by others, words that do not make sense. Decreased comprehension, sudden memory loss, not knowing where you are, not being able to distinguish between day and night, no concept of time, etc. Visual impairment: Unilateral eye blurred vision, inability to see on one side, seeing things in pairs. Eye rotation is limited. Pupillary changes: inconsistent size bilaterally, both pupils dilated or narrowed. Patients with intracranial hemorrhage may present with headache, nausea, vomiting, and neck stiffness. Other manifestations such as unsteadiness in standing, vertigo, and incontinence of urine and stool. Critically ill patients may present with vomiting, loud snoring, weak and intermittent breathing, and sigh-like breathing. Risk factors for stroke: 1, hypertension 2, smoking 3, diabetes 4, hyperlipidemia 5, alcoholism 6, obesity 7, atrial fibrillation 8, sedentary habits Principles and methods of first aid for stroke: Correct position: the patient lies flat on the pillow or low pillow, with the head tilted to the side, in order to keep the airway open and avoid inhaling vomit into the airway by mistake, causing asphyxia. The upper half of the body can be padded higher and kept quiet. Don’t move the patient’s head and upper body as much as possible. If you have to move, one person should hold the head and keep it in a horizontal position with the body. Administer oxygen if available. Call “120” for help as soon as possible, or take the patient to a general hospital immediately for resuscitation. Waiting: Someone should wait by the patient’s side. Once vomit is found to obstruct the airway, various measures should be taken to open the airway, such as pulling out by hand. Perform CPR immediately in case of respiratory arrest.