The human body is mysterious and has not been fully demystified for thousands of years. But cranial repair is not mysterious, thousands of years ago the ancient people used a variety of primitive materials, in the case of medical science and technology is not developed for cranial repair. With the development of medicine and technological advances, more and more medical practitioners began to research cranial bone repair materials, more and more materials are used in cranial bone repair. Through the efforts of generations of medical researchers, good materials have been invented and applied in cranial bone repair surgery, and good clinical results have been achieved. Currently, titanium mesh is the most widely used material for cranial bone repair, and PEEK is the newest and most advanced material, which is relatively inexpensive and has been used for a long time. Before the appearance of PEEK, titanium mesh was the first choice of cranial bone repair material. With the widespread application, adverse side effects have been found in many patients in clinical practice. The most obvious is the CT detection artifacts, which often brings misjudgment to the doctor’s diagnosis, and the patient’s postoperative sensitivity to heat and cold, local chronic pain, subcutaneous effusion is more, and the repair site is not aesthetically pleasing and so on. Compared with titanium mesh, the clinical application of PEEK is even more advanced. According to the patient’s CT test data before surgery, 3D technology is used to shape the damaged bone window, which precisely fits the defective area without any protrusion or depression. It is highly integrated with the autogenous bone and does not affect growth and development. Moreover, this material has various properties similar to the human skull, which makes it an ideal cranial bone repair material verified by clinical practice at present.