What are the common mental disorders (I)?

  Schizophrenia is a group of psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology, mostly occurring in young adults, generally aged 15-45 years, with clinical manifestations of disorders of perception, thought, emotion, behavior, and other aspects and incoordination of mental activities, most patients lack self-awareness of the disease and do not consider it pathological. Patients generally do not have obvious disorders of consciousness and intellectual impairment, generally with hallucinations and delusions as the characteristic symptoms, the onset of the disease is slow, the course of the disease is mostly prolonged, showing repeated aggravation or deterioration, more patients have a poor prognosis, and eventually appear mental disability and mental decline.  2.Mood disorder, also known as affective mental disorder, is a group of mental disorders with emotion or mood change as the main clinical characteristics. The main manifestation is high or low emotion (often referred to as mania or depression), accompanied by corresponding cognitive and behavioral changes, may have hallucinations, delusions and other psychotic symptoms. Most patients have a tendency to have recurrent episodes, most of which can be relieved with each episode, and some patients can have residual symptoms or become chronic.  Dissociative disorders are a complex of disorders characterized by partial or complete loss of normal integration of four aspects: past memory, identity awareness, immediate sensation, and body movement control. Despite the patient’s denial, episodes of illness are often beneficial for the patient to get out of trouble, vent repressed emotions, and gain the sympathy and attention of others.  4, anxiety disorder is characterized by generalized and persistent anxiety lake recurrent panic attacks, often accompanied by autonomic disorders, muscle tension and motor restlessness. Mainly includes generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder.  5, obsessive-compulsive disorder is to compulsive ideas, compulsive impulses or compulsive behavior and other compulsive symptoms as the main manifestation, the patient knows that these ideas, behavior is unnecessary, unreasonable, but can not control or get rid of, and therefore anxiety and pain. The onset is often in adolescence, and most of them are slow and have no obvious cause, with obsessive-compulsive ideas being the most common. Compulsive behavior is mostly due to the ability to reduce the anxiety caused by compulsive ideas child had to take measures.  6, panic disorder, the main feature is the sudden onset, unpredictable, recurring, intense panic experience, generally lasting several minutes to ten minutes, accompanied by a sense of near death or loss of control, the patient experiences near death, catastrophic end of worry and fear, sometimes accompanied by symptoms of neurological dysfunction.  7, phobia, a kind of excessive and unreasonable fear of some objective external things or situations as the main manifestation, knowing that this fear reaction is excessive or unreasonable, but still recurring, difficult to control. Fear attacks are often accompanied by significant anxiety and autonomic disorders, patients often try to avoid the objective things or situations that cause fear, with fear to endure, thus affecting their normal lives.