Renal insufficiency is a group of diseases caused by the destruction of kidney tissues, the decrease of glomerular filtration function, and the decrease of kidney detoxification ability, thus making the body’s ability to regulate electrolyte balance and excretion of metabolites impaired. The severity of renal insufficiency depends on the rate of increase in blood creatinine, the level of creatinine value and the stage of chronic kidney disease. There are various causes of renal insufficiency, such as hereditary nephropathy (Alport syndrome, polycystic kidney, etc.), secondary nephropathy (e.g. lupus nephritis, purpura nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, hyperuric acid nephropathy, etc.) and primary nephropathy (e.g. IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, thylakoid proliferative glomerulonephritis, etc.). Generally speaking, the faster the rate of increase of blood creatinine in renal insufficiency, the more severe the degree of kidney damage and the more serious the condition. In case of chronic kidney disease (CKD), CKD staging can also be used to define the severity. Chronic kidney disease is divided into 5 stages, the higher the stage, the more serious the condition, and almost all patients on dialysis belong to stage 5. Renal insufficiency indicates that the body is dysfunctional in excreting waste products, which may cause symptoms such as electrolyte disorders, hypertension, anemia, etc. It can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, pulmonary edema and lung infections in severe cases. It is recommended to go to the hospital for treatment in a timely manner and should be followed up regularly to avoid delaying the condition and causing serious consequences.