Since the 1980s, radiological techniques have developed, with CT, ultrasound being used more and more in the clinic, and cytologic diagnostic techniques in pathology being greatly improved, which has led to the gradual improvement of percutaneous pulmonary puncture biopsy techniques, which have become one of the common diagnostic methods for substantive lesions of the peri-pulmonary variant and are being used more and more widely in the clinic. In addition to diagnosing pulmonary lesions, it can also be used to diagnose masses of unknown origin throughout the body. ①Differential diagnosis of intra-pulmonary masses and nodular lesions, especially when lung cancer is suspected, especially peripheral lung masses or invasive foci, which cannot be diagnosed by other easy methods such as bronchoscopy, is recommended ②Differential diagnosis of multiple lesions in the lung is sometimes extremely difficult ③Primary malignant tumors of the chest, due to distant metastases or combined with other diseases or patients who refuse surgery and are not suitable for surgical treatment before radiotherapy or chemotherapy need to obtain a cytological diagnosis. ④ Determine the histological type of metastatic lesions in the lung to narrow the search for the primary tumor. ⑤ To obtain cytologic data of pulmonary infection, take live cells for tissue culture, and study patients with immune, radiation, and chemotherapy drug sensitivity experiments ⑥ Qualitative diagnosis of pleural effusion, pleural hypertrophic lesions with solid intrapulmonary lesions (7) Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant mediastinal tumors Qualitative diagnosis of pericardial tumors and cysts (8) Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors of the chest wall, especially qualitative diagnosis when pleural mesothelioma is highly suspected. The most common side effects or complications of percutaneous lung puncture are pneumothorax and hemoptysis, but the chance of tumor dissemination through the punctured tract is minimal or even about 0. Percutaneous lung puncture is a widely used diagnostic tool throughout the world, from the head of state down to the common man.