The principles of pneumoconiosis treatment are to get out of the dust-polluted environment as soon as possible and to actively prevent and treat various complications. 1. Get out of the dust-polluted environment: Getting out of the dust-polluted environment as soon as possible is the basis for treating pneumoconiosis, so once a patient is found to be diagnosed with pneumoconiosis, he or she should be transferred out of dusty jobs as soon as possible to prevent further dust inhalation and arrange for the patient’s treatment as soon as possible. 2, prevention and control of complications: Patients with pneumoconiosis are prone to lung infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc. These diseases can aggravate the condition of pneumoconiosis, so improving the immunity of patients, improving their lung function and preventing the above complications are beneficial to the treatment of pneumoconiosis. 3, symptomatic treatment: some drugs help to slow down the progress of pneumoconiosis (such as Kesiping, Hanfangjiajiajia and aluminum preparations and Chinese herbal preparations), which can increase pulmonary ventilation and slow down the process of pulmonary fibrosis; surgical intervention, which can be considered as surgical resection treatment for patients with pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis spheres and with a small extent of lung damage. Pulmonary lavage therapy is an emerging treatment method that can be used to treat patients with recent heavy exposure to dust and below stage I silicosis. However, surgery is not suitable for patients with severe lung function impairment and should be chosen carefully. In addition, patients should keep warm, pay attention to indoor ventilation, strengthen exercise and ensure adequate nutrition to improve immunity, avoid respiratory infections and avoid further aggravation of pneumoconiosis. Finally, the most important thing for pneumoconiosis is to have good personal protection at work, regular medical check-ups, and timely detection and treatment.