Schizophrenia is one of the most serious psychiatric disorders and is most often seen in young adults, but schizophrenia also occurs in children. In recent years, as adolescents develop at an earlier age, there has been an increase in schizophrenia in children, and the complexity and severity of the illness often exceeds that of adults, requiring parents to take it seriously. The prevalence of schizophrenia in children is lower than that in adults. According to foreign reports, the prevalence of schizophrenia in children under 15 years of age ranges from 0.14% to 0.34‰. Domestic literature reports that the prevalence of schizophrenia in children is 0.05% to 0.08‰, with similar rates for men and women. The number of children with onset of schizophrenia before the age of 10 is low; the number of children with onset of schizophrenia after the age of 10 is significantly higher. The youngest age of onset is 3 years old, and generally 12-14 year olds account for most of the cases. Early symptoms are mainly emotional and behavioral changes, sleep disorders, inattention, learning difficulties, etc. In some cases, obsessive-compulsive ideas and compulsive behaviors appear early. 2, basic symptoms (1) clinical symptoms and age factors are closely related, young people with atypical symptoms, monotonous poor; adolescent patients with basic symptoms are similar to adults. (2) Emotional disorders: most of them show isolation, withdrawal, coldness, distancing from relatives and small partners or growing hostility for no reason. Unexplained fear, anxiety and tension, spontaneous mood swings and other symptoms. (3) Speech and thinking disorders: Younger children often show reduced speech, silence, stereotyped repetition, slurred speech, and poor thinking content. Older children may have pathological fantasies with bizarre and bizarre delusional content, and often have delusions of victimization, guilt, suspicion, and non-pedigree delusions. (4) Perceptual disorders: Children with schizophrenia have more vivid and distinctive perceptual disorders, characterized by horror and imagery, and may have hallucinations, hallucinations (verbal or nonverbal), fantasy hallucinations, and perceptual syndromes (e.g., thinking they are deformed or ugly), especially in adolescent children. (5) Motor and behavioral abnormalities: often show excitement, disorganized behavior, aimless running, or laziness, weakness and sluggishness, dullness, or peculiar movements or postures, often with imitation or ritualistic stereotyped movements. A small number of children show nervousness and excitement, impulsive, injurious and destructive behaviors. (6) Intellectual activity disorder: mainly seen in children with early onset of the disease. Most of the cases usually have no obvious intellectual impairment. Children are in the developmental stage, all aspects of development is not yet perfect, the growth rate is fast, its physiological and psychological development has its continuity and stages. Different age stages have different behavioral and psychological characteristics. We judge whether the child’s mental activity is normal, we have to combine with the physiological and psychological characteristics of different ages, to analyze, for example: the emotional performance of young children is completely outwardly without fear, which is a normal performance. However, if we find a few years old children, often for no reason tantrums, see stuffed toys extremely fearful, then we should pay attention to, promptly seek the help of psychologists and psychiatrists.