1. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the most commonly used and the oldest. The advantage is that there is a film on which the entire length of the fallopian tube can be seen. The disadvantage is that this test is done under X-ray, which directly irradiates the germ cells of the ovaries and has safety problems. Nowadays, tubal recanalization under X-ray (SSG, called cookie guide wire recanalization in some private hospitals) is widely performed in China, and the amount of X-ray exposure is much greater than that of a radiograph, which has consequences for the health of the woman and the safety of her offspring. Some local governments have banned the use of ultrasound to check the ring under X-ray in order to protect the reproductive health of women of childbearing age. Due to the exposure to X-rays, pregnancy cannot be conceived three months after HSGh or SSG. X-rays cannot see the soft tissues (except CT), so HSG cannot see the fallopian tubes themselves and cannot see the umbilical ends of the tubes, which is not very accurate for the diagnosis of end tubal lesions and pelvic adhesions, and is highly accurate for the diagnosis of proximal and middle tubal blockage. 2. Vaginal ultrasound under pelvic tubal imaging, this test is done under ultrasound without radiation. Ultrasound can directly visualize the soft tissues and can clearly show the fallopian tubes, especially the morphology and mobility of the umbilical end, the site and type of pelvic adhesions, and can clearly show the relationship between the ovaries and the fallopian tubes, which is valuable for the evaluation of the egg collection function of the fallopian tubes. The amount of information obtained by pelvic tubal imaging under vaginal ultrasound is greater and more accurate in determining the prognosis of fertility. It is more valuable in deciding the next step of treatment and avoiding many unnecessary laparoscopic procedures. It is just that this examination method is more time consuming and technically demanding, so it is not popular and few hospitals perform it. This technique was introduced in 2009 and has been in clinical use for 13 years, and its diagnostic value is far more reliable than HSG. Shanghai Jiuyuan Hospital carries out this test. 3. Hysteroscopic lavage, which has the advantage of being able to see the uterine cavity and check the patency of the fallopian tubes at the same time, and has a recanalizing effect on some tubal obstruction. Hysteroscopy can only see the lesions in the uterine cavity, but not the pelvis. Simple hysteroscopic lavage can only assess the patency of the fallopian tubes, but cannot see the umbilical ends of the fallopian tubes and cannot determine whether there are pelvic adhesions, which is its limitation. The combination of hysteroscopy and ultrasound can make up for the limited field of view of hysteroscopy, and using ultrasound to see the whole pelvic cavity, the combination of the two can greatly improve the diagnostic accuracy, especially sensitive to the diagnosis of hydrosalpinx. Post hysteroscopy pelvic effusion can show the umbilical end of the fallopian tube and the pelvic adhesion zone when there is a lot of fluid in the pelvic cavity. Hysteroscopy to check tubal patency is very popular, but the combination of hysteroscopy and ultrasound is not popular and requires the cooperation of hysteroscopist and ultrasonographer. Such examination is carried out in Shanghai Jiu Hospital. 4, tubal lavage. Simple tubal lavage has limited diagnostic value and it is inaccurate to judge the patency of the fallopian tubes entirely by feel. Sometimes in severe hydrosalpinx, tubal lavage diagnoses that the fallopian tubes are patent, which is obviously a wrong diagnosis. 5. Ultrasound tubal imaging, the diagnostic value is a little higher than simple tubal lavage, but this test cannot see the fallopian tube itself and the umbilical end of the fallopian tube, so the diagnostic value is limited. Ultrasound contrast agent is more expensive and this method is rarely performed.