(Disclaimer: This article is only for popular science purposes, in order to protect the privacy of Brother Zhao, the information in the following content has been processed) Abstract: The main character of this case is 58-year-old Brother Zhao, diagnosed 20 years ago as a hepatitis B virus carrier, the doctor told no treatment, but can not drink alcohol, Brother Zhao usually do not drink, in the past 1 month recurrent gum bleeding, nasal bleeding. He went to the hematology department and found that his platelets were lowered and his infections were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, so he was referred for examination and diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B in combination with liver function. The treatment plan] was drug therapy (entecavir capsule, compound turtle shell soft liver tablet, diammonium glycyrrhizate capsule) [Treatment cycle] hospitalization for 2 weeks, long-term home treatment, regular review [Treatment effect] the condition has been The nurse immediately gave sterile cotton balls to stop the bleeding and reassured him, but afterwards, he said he was dizzy and panicky. Detailed understanding of the situation was informed that recently, Brother Zhao had recurrent nose bleeding and gum bleeding without any cause, first went to the stomatology and ENT departments for detailed examination, no abnormality was found, and the two departments suggested going to the hematology department for examination. The doctor suggested a bone marrow aspiration to find out if there was any abnormality in the bone marrow hematopoiesis, but a preoperative check of the four infections indicated that hepatitis B surface antigen was positive. The hematologist considered that the decline in platelets was related to hepatitis B. He suggested that Brother Zhao should first go to the hepatology outpatient clinic for examination, and was more nervous and anxious because he had been transferred to four departments. After observation, Mr. Zhao’s face was gray, and obvious liver palm was visible on both hands, so he was considered to have chronic hepatitis B. He immediately underwent blood routine, liver function, hepatitis B virus quantification, hepatitis B five items, liver, gallbladder, spleen and pancreas ultrasound, etc. The results showed that the white blood cells were 5.26×10^9/L, red blood cells were 4.11×10^12/L, platelets were 94×10^9/L, hepatitis B five items indicated small triple positive, liver function indicated The liver function indicated high transaminase and bilirubin, and the ultrasound indicated diffuse liver damage and splenomegaly. Hepatitis B DNA: 6.3×10^9cps/ml, according to which the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B active stage, immediately for hospitalization treatment. After treatment, the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B was basically clear after the comprehensive examination, but the repeated nasal bleeding and gum bleeding made Brother Zhao still very anxious and unable to sleep at night, and considering that he helped his son decorate the house a year ago and was exposed to formaldehyde and other toxic substances, he still suspected that he had leukemia, and in order to further solidify the diagnosis, he checked the liver elastography suggesting stage 3 liver fibrosis, and performed bone marrow aspiration, suggesting that the bone marrow hematopoiesis The bone marrow aspiration test was performed, which indicated that the bone marrow hematopoiesis was active. Zhao finally put down his heart to cooperate with the treatment, check the liver function abnormalities, suggesting chronic active inflammation, active viral replication, and stage 3 liver fibrosis, given antiviral, anti-fibrosis, liver preservation and other “2 anti + 1 protection” treatment. He was given antiviral, anti-fibrotic and liver-protective treatment. He chose entecavir capsules, which have a strong inhibitory effect on the virus and have fewer side effects, but require long-term medication. During the treatment period, Brother Zhao was instructed to pay attention to rest, avoid straining and staying up late, mood swings, and quit smoking and drinking. Two days before discharge, he became anxious and worried about the transmission of hepatitis B virus to his family, especially his two grandchildren. On the day of discharge, he asked Brother Zhao and his family to come to understand his condition, which is the active stage of chronic hepatitis B. His family needs to supervise his home treatment to prevent the aggravation of his condition due to private discontinuation of medication. The disease is mainly transmitted by mother-to-child, sexual transmission, and blood or fluid transmission. After six months of home treatment, the nose bleeding and gum bleeding basically disappeared. III. Treatment effect After 2 weeks of hospitalization, the amount and frequency of nasal and gum bleeding were significantly reduced, and he was discharged with medicine. After six months of antiviral, anti-liver fibrosis and hepatoprotective treatment, the blood routine, liver function and hepatitis B virus all returned to normal after rechecking. The ultrasound showed that the spleen was smaller than before and the fibrosis was reversed from stage 3 to stage 1; physical examination: the face was redder than before, the liver palm was reduced, and the condition recovered significantly, so the liver-protective treatment with diammonium glycyrrhizinate capsules was stopped, and entecavir capsules and compound turtle nail soft liver tablets still needed to continue to be taken orally. In summary, Brother Zhao’s condition has been basically controlled, and the indicators have gradually recovered. The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B is clear and he is glad that his condition is gradually improving after comprehensive treatment, but there is no cure for this disease worldwide. The following points should be noted in daily life: 1. Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol, as nicotine and formaldehyde in tobacco and alcohol are damaging to the liver; 2. V. Personal insight Chronic hepatitis B, vitiligo, psoriasis is recognized by the people as incurable disease, relatively speaking, chronic hepatitis B because of the contagious, many people do not dare to disclose this disease, to the hospital for fear of meeting acquaintances, and even affect the marriage, children, employment, dating, some people avoid medical treatment, resulting in the progress of the disease aggravated, some people are anxious all day, affecting normal life, although the country Although the state is also carrying out positive publicity of various programs to eliminate discrimination, there are still people who do not understand and avoid it. In this case, Zhao did not seek medical attention because he had no symptoms for a long time, which led to the aggravation of the disease. As a doctor, while actively treating the disease, we should also encourage patients to face the disease positively and build up confidence to overcome the disease. Although the disease cannot be completely eradicated at present, new treatments are being developed at home and abroad, and we should keep our health in the current medical measures and wait for the day when the virus can be completely removed.