1.Training to defecate in bed and deep breathing. Effective deep breathing and appropriate coughing can reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications and should be practiced first for prevention. 2.Fast food and water for 6 to 8 hours before surgery, in order to prevent food reflux in the anesthetized stomach and pneumonia caused by inhalation of the lungs. However, the necessary medication can be taken with small sips of water. 3. Sleep should be guaranteed the night before surgery, and if you are unable to sleep peacefully, you can take Valium-type drugs to help you sleep with the consent of your doctor. Adequate sleep helps the body to tolerate the surgery. 4. Gastrointestinal surgery and other procedures also require an enema to cleanse the intestines. 5.Before entering the operating room, you must remove the “out-of-body objects”. Patients wearing movable dentures and dental braces should remove the dentures to prevent them from falling off during anesthesia intubation and accidentally entering the esophagus or respiratory tract. Before entering the operating room, give valuable items such as glasses, earrings, rings, watches, bracelets, hair clips, necklaces, etc. to the ward matron or relatives for safekeeping, and do not bring them to the operating room. To empty the urine and stool into the operating room, change your shoes and put on the surgical cap as required. 6. Please do not wear make-up so as not to affect the observation of normal skin color.