I. Electroconvulsive therapy.
Before the first antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine was used for clinical treatment in the early 1950s, patients with mental illness used to use a variety of non-pharmacological treatment methods, such as: electroconvulsive therapy, insulin coma therapy, fever therapy, etc. These non-pharmacological treatments were used from the 1930s, and the only non-pharmacological treatment that is still in clinical use and proven to be of excellent efficacy is electroconvulsive therapy.
The principle of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has not yet been elucidated. The ECT method involves placing electrodes on the two temporal parts of the head and passing a small current of direct current for 0.1-0.3 seconds to stimulate brain tissue for therapeutic purposes. At the same time, the whole body muscles twitch for ten seconds, just like a seizure. Electroconvulsive is like giving a format to the brain, with the advantage of cheap price and the disadvantage of side effects of fracture in individual patients. Currently commonly used is no convulsion electroconvulsive therapy: before the brain is electrified, the patient is given intravenous anesthetics and muscle relaxation drugs, so that the patient is in sleep and no convulsions will occur. The fracture will not occur, and the price is also on the expensive side, costing about 300-400 yuan to do once.
What kind of patients should do electroconvulsive therapy:
1, depressed patients, especially those with severe suicidal ideation, preferred electroconvulsive therapy, extremely effective in alleviating suicidal ideation.
2, patients in a state of mute, patients who refuse to eat, patients with severe excitement and agitation, electroconvulsive shock is also a very good choice.
3, refractory schizophrenia, electroconvulsive shock can be tried.
Precautions for electroconvulsive therapy.
1.Before doing electroconvulsive shock, sign an informed consent form, laboratory tests of blood routine; blood electrolytes: K,Na,Cl; electrocardiogram; electroencephalogram, take a chest X-ray.
2, do electroconvulsive shock the night before you have to fasting water.
Side effects of electroconvulsive shock.
1, the most common is near memory loss, will forget what happened recently, this memory impairment is reversible, usually will recover within a few weeks, you do not need to worry.
2, headache, nausea, vomiting, etc., do not need special treatment, serious symptomatic treatment on the line.
How to do electroconvulsive therapy?
1, generally 8-12 times electroconvulsive therapy for a course of treatment, start doing 3-5 times a week, then 2-3 times a week, and then reduced to 1-2 times a week.
2, electroconvulsive shock will not cause organic damage to the brain, you do not need to worry.
By the way, mention brain surgery for mental illness, at present, brain surgery for mental illness, immature, not sure, may also bring some serious side effects, it is recommended that you should not consider brain surgery for mental illness.
Second, psychotherapy and drug treatment.
Different mental illness, different stages of the disease, the role, status, of medication and psychotherapy will change. In severe mental illness, the early, acute stage of the disease, drug therapy is the most important, light mental illness, the recovery period, psychotherapy becomes more important. I personally believe that medication and psychotherapy are the two legs of a patient’s recovery, cooperating with each other and inseparable.
So what is psychotherapy?
The most suitable psychiatrist is a psychiatrist, and a small number of psychiatrists have a speciality in psychotherapy, so it is most appropriate to find a psychiatrist whose speciality is psychotherapy, which is the most competent psychiatrist. Next, it is possible to find psychologists who study clinical psychology, such as psychotherapists in hospitals, where psychotherapists are technicians and psychiatrists are physicians. You can also find a psychological counselor, psychological counselor is generally consulting, mental health law provides that he is not qualified to do psychotherapy, generally speaking, psychological activities and spiritual activities, there is no difference in essence.
Psychotherapy, as mysterious as it sounds, social charges are often thousands of dollars an hour, it is likely that the person who gives you the treatment is not qualified to give you the treatment at all. The following talk about qualified psychotherapy it.
1, “psychotherapy relationship is a special kind of interpersonal relationship”, “psychotherapy is the use of relationships to overcome resistance”.
Counseling tends to be more for ordinary people with distress, while psychotherapy targets psychological disorders with a higher degree of abnormality. Psychotherapy and counseling are processes that help you understand yourself, accept yourself, and develop yourself. In the Western psychotherapy process, the psychologist is only in a secondary position, not directly helping you to come up with ideas and solutions; rather, he or she helps you to find the deeper causes of your distress. Only when you realize what the problem is, have a new perspective and a new way of solving the problem, and put it into action, will counseling and therapy be effective. In other words, the psychiatrist is not the main thing, the main thing is the patient yourself, you are the main “doctor”, from the psychotherapy to get the feelings, understanding, experience a new attitude to their own lives, and their own initiative to change, then the psychotherapy will play its role.
2. Good Western-style psychotherapy.
(1) You say more, the psychotherapist says less, your feelings can be fully expressed.
(2) The psychotherapist directly reason less, more inspiration and guidance, after effective consultation, you will feel understanding broadened, able to look beyond the original mode of thinking.
(3) In order for psychotherapy to be effective, it is crucial that you take the initiative to change yourself and take the initiative to consult and treat.
(4) A good psychotherapist, he is not preaching, but discussing with you, inspiring you, guiding you.
(5) General psychotherapy can not be done a few times will have good results, usually have to do many times to have good results.
I am currently studying Chinese psychotherapy, which is my mentor, Professor Wang Weidong, based on the theory of Chinese medicine, combined with Western psychotherapy theory, as well as his own 30 years of psychotherapy theory, the creation of a local psychotherapy method for China, called TIP therapy (low-impedance intentional introduction therapy), and Western psychotherapy is quite different, more suitable for Chinese patients with mental illness, the efficacy is very good. I am in the process of learning to experience it.