Mr. Zhang recently had occasional symptoms of blackness in front of his eyes, and at first he did not pay attention to it, thinking it was a symptom of exertion. Later, he heard from a friend that this symptom is likely to be carotid atherosclerosis, and if the plaque is dislodged, it will also cause cerebral infarction. So, Mr. Zhang came to the Department of Neurology of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The ultrasound suggested that Mr. Zhang had bilateral carotid artery sclerosis and plaque formation, including severe stenosis of the right carotid artery combined with unstable plaque formation. After seeing Mr. Zhang, Dr. Wang Bing, the chief physician, did a detailed examination and patiently introduced to Mr. Zhang that the carotid artery is a thicker vessel with branches of the internal and external carotid arteries. The internal carotid artery provides blood and oxygen to the brain tissue, while the external carotid artery supplies blood and oxygen to the ear, nose, mouth and other five senses. Carotid atherosclerosis is the formation of plaque on the walls of the carotid arteries, which makes the blood flow poor, thus causing ischemia and hypoxia in the brain tissue and eyes. In general, mild carotid atherosclerosis does not affect the blood supply to the brain. In contrast, severe carotid atherosclerosis will reduce the blood supply to the brain, resulting in transient slurred speech, limb weakness, numbness or blackness in one eye. If the hardened carotid artery has plaque dislodged and blocked the cerebral arteries with the blood flow, it will cause cerebral infarction and the above-mentioned manifestations will occur, even threatening life. Mr. Zhang’s symptoms of blackness in front of his eyes may be due to insufficient blood supply to the eyes caused by narrowing of the internal carotid artery. Therefore, he should take pharmacological intervention treatment and undergo carotid vascular CT examination as soon as possible under the guidance of a doctor, and if there is an indication for surgery, he needs immediate surgical treatment. If left unattended for a long time, cerebral blood accidents are likely to occur. Director Wang Bing suggests that in normal life, risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia should be actively controlled; the diet should be light and away from high-fat and high-sugar foods; if a stroke occurs, it must be treated with drugs under the guidance of a doctor. The neurological damage caused by cerebral infarction should be minimized. In addition, patients with early symptoms of carotid atherosclerosis should pay sufficient attention and go to regular hospitals for examination in a timely manner. Carotid ultrasound and transcranial Doppler color ultrasound are non-invasive and economical effective examinations. If carotid artery stenosis is found, CT angiography or magnetic resonance angiography can be further performed. If necessary, whole brain angiography is performed. According to the examination results, pharmacological intervention or surgical treatment is taken. In principle, surgical intervention is preferred for unstable plaques, and interventional treatment is chosen for patients who cannot tolerate surgery. Carotid artery mixed plaque experts remind that there is no symptom at the beginning of the disease, once the symptoms appear, it is necessary to go to the hospital for examination and take effective control, otherwise it will easily cause stroke. All the middle-aged and elderly people who are engaged in long-term ambulatory work and lack of exercise, the “three highs”, namely hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, men over 50 years old and postmenopausal women are the high-risk group of carotid atherosclerosis, so they should pay enough attention to it.