Patients with retinopathy should undergo some basic and specialized examinations. Basic examinations include: 1. blood glucose examination: regular measurement of blood glucose level to monitor the development of diabetes. 2, kidney function test: timely detection of diabetic nephropathy complications. 3, cholesterol and lipid examination: to maintain normal cholesterol and lipid levels. Ophthalmic examination includes: 1. Fundus fluorescence angiography Fundus fluorescence angiography not only can understand the early changes of retinal microcirculation, but also has various special manifestations in the progression of diabetic retinopathy, and its positive sign detection rate is higher than that of fundoscopy, which is a reliable basis for early diagnosis, selection of treatment plan, evaluation of efficacy and judgment of prognosis. If diabetic retinopathy has not been detected by fundoscopy, abnormal fluorescence patterns can be seen on fundus fluorescence angiography. Microangiomas are found earlier and much more often on fundus fluorescence angiography than seen on fundoscopy. Others, such as capillary dilation, increased permeability, non-perfused areas, arteriovenous abnormalities, exudation and hemorrhage, and neovascularization, all have special manifestations on fundus fluorescence angiography. 2. Electroretinogram oscillatory potentials (OPs) OPs are a subcomponent of electroretinogram (ERG), which can objectively and sensitively reflect the state of blood circulation in the inner retinal layer. In eyes without fundus lesions, it reflects the abnormal amplitude of OPs, and in patients with diabetic retinopathy, it further shows the progression and improvement of the disease process. 3, other examinations such as visual contrast sensitivity examination, can be seen in the early stage of the patient’s medium and high spatial frequency mean contrast sensitivity significantly reduced application of color Doppler flow imaging technology can be found in the patient’s posterior bulb artery hemodynamic changes, manifested as low flow rate, low flow, high resistance type changes blood viscosity test can be manifested as increased viscosity serum SOD vitality test can be manifested as decreased vitality, etc. Fluorescence fundus angiography examination, in the early arterial or arterial phase, corresponds to a granular, lace-like and other forms of neovascular network at the exudate foci. The hemorrhagic area obscures the fluorescence, and there is a translucent fluorescent area at the upper edge of the hemorrhage. In the later stage, there is fluorescein leakage from the neovascularization to form areas of strong fluorescence.