The most common cause is maternal folic acid deficiency during pregnancy, but it is also related to the environment, genetic mutations, and drugs. The dominant neural tube atresia that occurs in the brain can be divided into: meningeal bulge (herniation of meninges and cerebrospinal fluid), meningoencephalic bulge (herniation of brain tissue and meninges) and meningocephalic saccular bulge (bulging of part of the ventricles, meninges and brain tissue). Overt neural tube closure insufficiency occurring in the spinal cord can be divided into spinal bulge, spinal cord spinal bulge, fatty spinal cord spinal bulge, and spinal cord ectopia, etc. Occult neural tube insufficiency mainly includes: spinal cord lipoma, end filament retraction, spinal cord longitudinal fissure, and dermatomal cyst. Clinical manifestations of neural tube closure insufficiency The main clinical manifestations of this disease are characteristic postnatal skin changes on the cranial spinal axis, the most common sites such as occipital, thoracolumbar, lumbosacral local cystic bulge, or skin pigmentation, local masses, abnormal hair, small concave skin, a few small tail-like changes, the disease has a low mortality rate, but high disability rate, mostly manifested as bilateral lower limb dysfunction (hypotonia, foot inversion This disease has a low mortality rate, but a high disability rate, mostly manifesting as bilateral lower limb dysfunction (muscle weakness, foot dysmorphism, walking disorder, etc.); abnormal urination and defecation (constipation, incontinence), which seriously affects the quality of life of children.