Liver transplantation is the only effective means to cure various end-stage liver diseases, and its indications can be summarized into the following four categories: 1. liver parenchymal diseases including post-hepatitis cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, acute liver failure, chronic active hepatitis, congenital liver fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, multiple liver cysts, neonatal hepatitis, Bu-plus syndrome and severe, intractable 2. liver tumors Benign liver tumors such as multiple hepatic adenomatosis and giant hepatic hemangioma are indications for in situ liver transplantation if they exceed the scope of hepatic trilobar resection; primary malignant liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatic hemangioendothelial sarcoma, melanoma and other lesions are extensive or combined with cirrhosis, and the lesions have not yet invaded extrahepatic tissues; 3. cholestatic diseases including primary biliary cirrhosis, sclerosing cholangitis, secondary biliary cirrhosis, familial cholestasis, congenital biliary atresia, etc.; 4. congenital metabolic disorders, including copper accumulation disease (Wilson’s Disease), hemochromatosis, familial non-hemolytic jaundice, glycogen accumulation syndrome, hepatomegaly, etc.