Mental Health and Mental Disorders

Spiritual (mental) health is as important as physical health, and it can be said that there is no health without spiritual health. Definitions of mental health vary and can be understood as a state of successful performance of mental functions that produce constructive activities, maintain good interpersonal relationships, and adjust oneself to the environment. Mental health is an indispensable part of personal well-being, career success, family happiness, good interpersonal relationships, and healthy social relationships. Mental (psychological) disorders are a diagnostic category of psychiatric problems characterized by changes in cognition, mood, and behavior that may be accompanied by distressing experiences and/or functional impairment. These cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes make the patient distressed, functionally impaired, or increase the patient’s risk of death, disability, etc. The core component of mental disorders is psychotic disorders (psychotic disorders) with loss of reality testing ability and significant hallucinatory delusions, peripheral to some neurotic disorders (neurotic disorders) such as anxiety, phobias, obsessions, etc., and then peripheral to that may be some personality, maladaptive, and other problems. In the United States, 1 in 10 people will be admitted to a psychiatric hospital at some point in their lives, and about 1/3 to 1/4 of the population will seek professional help for mental health problems. There are currently about 16 million people with psychotic disorders and 30 million people with depression in China, and the low rate of identification and treatment is one of the great challenges for mental health in the country. It should be noted that mental health and mental disorders are not opposing poles, but rather a spectrum of shifts.