The HPV virus is a large group of tumor viruses containing nearly 100 DNA genotypes that can infect mucous membranes or skin epithelium, mostly causing benign papillomas or warts. Most of them cause benign papillomas or warts. Common warts, flat warts and condyloma acuminata are caused by this group of viruses, but different subtypes of the virus cause different lesions. Scientists have isolated more than a hundred HPV subtypes, and of these, HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33 are associated with warts. How is HPV transmitted? HPV infection is mainly caused by close contact with patients with condyloma acuminatum or patients with insidious or subclinical symptoms, but non-genital infections (such as common warts or flat warts) occur mainly from close skin-to-skin contact between people (e.g. swimming, gym, etc.). The virus enters the body through small skin lesions (often not visible or perceptible to the naked eye) and infects keratin-forming cells, causing such cells to proliferate and form warts. Is HPV easy to kill? HPV virus has a strong survival ability, he can resist heat and dryness, HPV virus does not have a capsule membrane, ultraviolet light and alcohol are not effective in killing it. It is usually inactivated by heating to 56°C for 30 minutes. How to avoid HPV infection? First of all, clean yourself and avoid exposure to the virus. Public places should be disinfected more often. If you can disinfect shared towels and your own underwear at high temperature and pressure, as in hospitals, it will be impossible to spread the virus. How to detect this virus? Since the virus does not enter the blood, the antibodies in the blood are very minimal and appear for a relatively short period of time, I personally believe that blood tests are not very reliable. PCR testing and typing of localized skin lesions or mucosal epithelium is commonly used. What are high-risk and low-risk? High-risk and low-risk are the respective risks of the virus causing cervical cancer. If I test positive for HPV, do I have condyloma acuminatum? The diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum requires clinical symptoms and a history of relevant contact, which means that there must be a rash of condyloma acuminatum, HPV positive without condyloma acuminatum lesions means that you are carrying the virus; HPV positive with condyloma acuminatum lesions means that you have condyloma acuminatum. If a woman is positive for HPV but does not have warts, what should she do? A repeat test in six months. If the test continues to be positive (more than one year), annual gynecological cervical smear (TCT) and, if necessary, colposcopic biopsy are recommended.