Spinal cord neurosurgery is an important subfield of neurosurgery, and the diseases it studies and treats are a group of common central nervous system diseases that seriously endanger people’s health. It includes not only traditional surgery for spinal cord tumors, but also surgery for spinal cord trauma and various craniocervical junctional area deformities, congenital neural tube deformities, cerebral palsy, pain management, and a portion of neurogenic and spinal cervical spondylosis. Almost all spinal cord and spinal column diseases eventually manifest as symptoms of spinal cord and nerve compression; therefore, the management of these diseases from a neurosurgical perspective is more conducive to the recovery and protection of spinal cord and nerve function. Neurophysiological monitoring techniques are a landmark advance in the development of neurosurgery and are now increasingly becoming an important part of micro-neurosurgery. In the field of spinal cord neurosurgery, the use of neuroelectrophysiological monitoring provides definitive protection of important neural structures such as the spinal cord spinal nerve. With the real-time intraoperative monitoring of the neurophysiological monitor, it is possible to effectively prevent side damage to the neural tissue by magnifying the small intraoperative interventions on the neural structures; at the same time, it is possible to precisely locate the damage to the neural structures caused by the responsible lesion, so that the scope and extent of the surgery can be clearly defined and the perfect unification of radiological images, clinical symptoms and neuromyographic activity can be achieved. As an adjunct to microsurgery, neurophysiological monitoring technology improves the refinement, accuracy and predictability of surgery, ensures surgical results and shortens operative time, and in addition plays a protective role for internal spinal fixation, making our surgical operation truly minimally invasive. And it provides important guidance for postoperative rehabilitation. The application of neuronavigation technology in neurosurgery has been relatively successful, but the relative motion between the vertebrae makes the application of navigation surgery in spinal cord spine surgery encountered some difficulties, with the development of computer equipment and infrared tracking technology, neuronavigation technology has gradually developed in spinal cord spine neurosurgery. The application of computer-assisted navigation systems for the treatment of spinal cord and spine disorders has the following advantages: (1) precise localization and reduction of injury. In particular, it can help to accurately determine small lesions located in the medulla or confined to the intervertebral foramen. The postoperative response is mild and functional recovery is rapid. (2) It helps to shorten the operation time. Accurate surgical positioning and reduction of unnecessary operations can greatly shorten the operation time. (3) Improving the neurosurgeon’s ability to identify the anatomical structures of the spine at the surgical site. The use of navigation technology can expand the scope of application of the posterior median approach, especially in the management of certain lesions involving the vertebral body and paravertebral areas. Spinal navigation techniques also have significant advantages over traditional intraoperative photography for internal spinal fixation. The incidence of inaccurate placement of the pedicle nail and screw penetration of the bone cortex in lumbosacral surgery has been reduced to 5.5% from 21%-31% before the use of navigation. Our spinal cord and spinal column disease treatment group recently applied neurophysiological monitoring combined with neuronavigation-assisted technology to treat spinal cord and spinal column diseases, and achieved satisfactory results, and we hope to use our advanced technology to bring greater help to the majority of patients with spinal cord and spinal column diseases.