1.Surgery time for spinal cord bulge and spinal cord lipoma According to our clinical experience, the best time for surgery is 2-3 months after birth. At this time, the volume of the spinal canal of the infant has developed to a certain extent compared with that of the neonatal period (within 28 days after birth), which is conducive to the retraction of the bulging material; furthermore, the child’s tolerance to surgery and anesthesia as well as the body’s ability to fight against infections are also improved compared with that of the neonatal period, which is more conducive to the perioperative period; moreover, for the spinal cord lipoma, the tissue of the lipoma has not yet appeared to be fibrous when it was at this age, which makes the resection more easy and reduces the side injuries of surgery. In addition, in children with spinal cord lipomas, the tissue is not yet fibrotic at this age, which makes it easier to remove and reduces the side injuries. In addition, the timing of surgery also depends on whether the bulge is ulcerated or not, the growth rate of the bulge, and the activity of both lower limbs of the child, etc. If the bulge grows rapidly or/and the symptoms of both lower limbs worsen progressively, then the surgery should be performed as soon as possible; if the bulge is ulcerated for less than 24 hours, then surgery should be performed as a matter of urgency to excise the bulge and to avoid infection. However, if the bulge has been broken for more than 24 hours, or the cerebrospinal fluid has become turbid, then the bulge should be actively anti-infected and the local medicine should be changed, and then surgery should be performed when the infection is under control and the wound is healed. 2, spinal longitudinal cleft, furcation sinus surgery time For spinal longitudinal cleft and furcation sinus these hidden spina bifida children, should be early detection, early surgery, especially furcation sinus. The pilonidal sinus often communicates with the dural sac and is prone to infection leading to suppurative meningitis. Therefore, it is best to remove the lesion and explore the dural sac before infection occurs, and remove the combined pilonidal cysts as well. If the dermal sinus has been complicated by infection, in the acute phase of inflammation does not advocate surgery, but should be static antibiotic treatment of central nervous system infections, it is best to be able to complete control of inflammation 3-6 months after the surgical treatment, which is more conducive to the complete resection of the lesion and reduce recurrence. Of course, for children with recurrent infections of the furuncle sinus, often can not meet the above time requirements, then should be based on adequate control of infection surgical treatment, resection of the lesion. 3.Preoperative precautions: (1) Alternate lying position between left and right to avoid pressure and rupture of the bulge; (2) Observe the growth rate of the bulge; (3) Observe the child’s activities of both lower limbs (whether the two lower limbs are equal in length and thickness, and whether the activities are the same, whether the feet are inwardly rotated or pendulous, etc.), and urination (including the number of times of urination per day, the range of urination, the presence of overflow of urine when crying, and the absence of urine dribbling, etc.); (4) (4) Measure the head circumference regularly, so that hydrocephalus can be detected in time and consult the doctor in time. Postoperative precautions: (1) During the hospitalization period, the patient should lie in prone position and elevate the bed circumference to reduce the occurrence of cutaneous cerebrospinal fluid fistula; (2) Pay attention to the local cleanliness of the surgical wound area, such as cleaning up the urine and feces in time to keep the surgical dressing clean; (3) Generally, one week after the operation, the patient can be discharged from the hospital if his/her body temperature is normal. (4) Alternate lying on the right and left side for one week after discharge to avoid pressure on the surgical wound to affect healing; (5) Keep the wound dry; if the wound heals well, you can take a bath three weeks after surgery; (6) Wear a supportive undershirt. For children who are six months old at the time of surgery, it is better to wear a support undershirt to minimize the occurrence of postoperative spinal deformity, and it should be worn for at least half a year; (7) Regular checkups. If there is no special discomfort, you should go to the hospital for rechecking at three months, six months and one year after the operation to monitor the function of bladder urination and to know the activities of both lower limbs.