1.The formation of kidney stones is related to those causes? The formation of kidney stones is mainly related to several factors, including structural abnormalities of the kidney, crystalline calcification of the kidney papillae, intrarenal infection, abnormal nutritional metabolism, dietary structure, ethnicity and geography, etc. Certain special cases of stones are related to drugs, genetics, etc. 2.Is it very easy for people to have kidney stones? The incidence of kidney stones is very high, and the incidence rate in China is roughly around 10%. Kidney stones mostly occur in middle-aged and middle-aged people, that is, in their 30s to 50s. In some cases, kidney stones are very harmful to the kidneys, early detection and early treatment is the key. 3.Does kidney stone have anything to do with eating? First of all, the formation of kidney stones and diet are related to some extent. However, the formation of kidney stones is multi-factorial in most people, abnormal kidney structure, infection in the kidney, abnormal metabolic aspects are often more important underlying causes, while poor diet structure is only a factor in the formation of stones. 4.What are the things that people who have kidney stones should not eat? Poor diet, including two aspects: one, the amount of water consumption. Drinking too little water, the daily volume of urine is small, the concentration of soluble substances in the urine is too high, oversaturation will easily lead to the appearance of crystals, which in turn is more likely to form stones. Secondly, a high fat, high protein, high calorie diet leads to more waste excreted in the urine and less substances in the urine that inhibit stone formation, and the urine is acidic, all leading to easier stone formation. There is no one diet, eaten will certainly grow stones, so first of all, we need to clarify a concept, there is nothing can not eat, only some diets for a certain composition of the stone patients, need to control, need to eat less. 5, how to prevent stones? What should I pay attention to in my diet? There are many reasons for the formation of kidney stones, but the development of the kidney structure, the body’s metabolic abnormalities, these are what we as patients can not change, what we can do is mainly to change the habits and diet. First, in the habits of life, it is necessary to increase exercise, improve body function and control weight. It is a misconception that exercise is not to “jump down” the stones. Exercise is mainly to adjust the body’s metabolism, so that the metabolism of soluble substances into the urine to reduce the acid in the body; in addition, through exercise to consume excessive energy intake, weight control, which are conducive to the prevention of stones. Second, to make a habit of drinking more water, the average person drinks more than 2.5-3 liters of water, to ensure that the urine volume is more than 2.0-2.5 liters. Drinking ordinary water/light green tea/moderate amount of soda/lemon water etc. is fine, and it is not advisable to replace drinking water with dairy products and drinks. People who have stones should drink less caffeine / black tea / cola / apple juice / grape juice and other drinks. Thirdly, the first thing to know is that there is nothing that cannot be eaten. The most important thing is to have a balanced diet with emphasis on avoiding excessive intake of one of the nutrients. On this basis, then pay attention to: 1, normal intake of calcium in food, recommended to consume more dairy products and tofu type / small fish and other calcium-rich foods; and do not too much outside the diet to supplement calcium, and not too much to limit calcium intake (except for patients with clearly diagnosed absorption of high calcium urine). 2, limit the intake of oxalic acid, eat less (note that is not the same as not eating) kale, almonds, peanuts, celery, spinach, black tea, chocolate, etc. 3. limit the intake of high protein/high salt/high purine diet. 4. eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. 5. increase dietary fiber and coarse grains.