7 things you must know about measles
7 things you must know when measles hits!
Since the beginning of spring this year, the incidence of measles in children in our city is three times higher than last year, and the incidence of measles in adults is also on the rise. So what is measles? What are the ways of transmission of measles? And how should I prevent it?
Many people believe that measles is a simple fever, rash, rest for a few days will recover, but in fact measles is very easy to cause many complications, such as pneumonia, laryngitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, etc., is one of the main causes of death in children. Since the beginning of spring this year, the incidence of measles in children in the city is three times that of last year, and the incidence of measles in adults is also on the rise. So what is measles? What are the ways of transmission of measles? And how should I prevent it?
I. What is measles?
Measles is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus, and is one of the most common infectious diseases among children, mostly seen in children between the ages of June and 5, with a high incidence in winter and spring.
What are the symptoms of measles?
Typical measles can be divided into four phases as follows.
1.Incubation period of about 6-18 days;
2, the pre-tendency period, generally 3-4 days, manifested as fever, cough, runny, eye conjunctival congestion, photophobia, sore throat and peripheral weakness, 2-3 days after the disease, in the second molar corresponding to the buccal mucosa, a small gray-white dot of about 1.0mm in diameter, surrounded by a red halo, called measles mucosal spot, has diagnostic value. However, due to the widespread vaccination against measles, some children with measles do not have measles mucosal spots;
3, the rash period: more than 3-4 days after the onset of fever rash, the order of the ear, neck, trunk, extremities, hands and feet, and spread throughout the body;
4, recovery period: 3-4 days after the rash, the rash in order to fade, the skin has bran flaking and light brown pigmentation.
Third, what are the complications of measles?
Can be complicated by pneumonia, laryngitis, myocarditis, encephalitis, some severe measles can cause death.
Fourth, what are the ways of transmission of measles?
Patients with measles are the main source of infection and are contagious from the end of the incubation period to 5 days after the rash appears, and are highly contagious when coughing, sneezing, or talking in the form of droplets that infect susceptible people.
V. How to prevent measles?
The most durable and effective way to prevent measles is to receive measles vaccine to obtain protective antibodies, and the immunization program for measles vaccine in China is 8 full months of vaccination and replanting at age 7.
During the epidemic season, susceptible children should go to public places as little as possible and wear a mask when entering public places to reduce the chance of infection and transmission.
Open windows regularly to keep the air fresh and circulating; wash your hands regularly; dry your clothes and blankets regularly; and exercise to improve your ability to fight disease.
VI. How long is the measles isolation period?
The child should be isolated until 5 days after the rash appears, or up to 10 days if combined with pneumonia.
Do parents need measles vaccination?
In recent years, measles in adults is also on the rise, and compared to measles in children, the clinical symptoms are more severe and there are more complications, so measles in adults should not be ignored.
Normally, people only get measles once in their lifetime, so if they have been infected and recovered from measles, they have antibodies and are relatively safe. People who have not had measles and have not received the measles vaccine within 10 years also need to be vaccinated.
Therefore, it is recommended that young parents who have not been infected with measles and adolescents who have passed the vaccination period be revaccinated against measles.