One month after the lumbar disc herniation surgery, the patient will have swelling and pain after standing for a long time, the possible reasons include insufficient decompression, postoperative recurrence, and muscular wasting atrophy. 1. Insufficient decompression: one month after the surgery for lumbar disc herniation, the patient will have swelling and pain after standing for a long time, which may be caused by insufficient decompression, i.e., insufficient decompression range and degree. 2. Post-operative recurrence: one month after the lumbar disc herniation surgery, the patient will have swelling and pain after standing for a long time, considering that there may be a recurrence after the surgery, which will produce similar symptoms as before the surgery. At this time, it is necessary to carry out an investigation to determine whether the decompression in the operation is complete, or whether the nerve root is completely loosened, or the patient does not pay attention to the protection, resulting in a new herniated disc. 3. Muscle wasting atrophy: It is considered that after the surgery for lumbar disc herniation, due to the long time lying in bed, the lumbar muscles appear to be wasting atrophy, and in the later stage of activity, the wasting atrophy of the muscles are under force, which leads to muscle edema, causing soreness, swelling, and pain in the lumbar region. Herniated lumbar disc surgery for a month will stand for a long time will be swelling and pain may also have other reasons, it is recommended to go to the regular hospital in a timely manner to improve the relevant examination, clear cause, under the guidance of the doctor for targeted treatment or treatment.