1.What is chloasma?
A: Chloasma is commonly known as butterfly spot, also called “stretch mark”. It is called “liver spot” or “sallow spot” in Chinese medicine, and it is a common acquired pigmentation skin disease.
2. Why is melasma called liver spots? Is it caused by liver disease?
A: Because the color of melasma is usually light brown to dark brown, and the color resembles liver, so it is named “liver spot”.
3. I am not pregnant or breastfeeding, why do I have stretch marks?
A: “Stretch mark” is an alias of chloasma, named because it is common in women during pregnancy.
4. Why is melasma also called butterfly spot? Is it because it looks like a butterfly?
A: Melasma is often found on the cheeks and cheekbones of both sides, symmetrical, with clear borders, like a butterfly, hence the name. Of course, it is also easy to occur on the forehead, neck, upper lip, etc. Occasionally, it is accompanied by pigmentation of areola and external genitalia, but it does not occur on sclera and oral mucosa. The lesions are usually light brown, gray, brownish gray, brownish black, or even dark blue macules of varying sizes that may fuse together to form patches in an arch or multi-ring shape. The surface is not scaly, not infiltrated, no other rashes such as erythema or papules, and no self-conscious symptoms, and develops slowly and can last for months or years.
5. I am a big man, how can I get chloasma?
A: 90% of chloasma occurs in women of reproductive age, that is, people aged 18-50, but it can also occur in a few men. Some scholars believe that the occurrence of chloasma in men is mostly related to heredity and sun exposure.
6.I came back from a trip to Tibet and found that the original light spots have worsened, what is the matter?
A: Sunlight exposure is considered to be one of the most important reasons to trigger or aggravate melasma, because there is a large amount of ultraviolet light in sunlight, and it can be said that 100% of melasma is aggravated after sunlight. Some investigation reports show that the incidence of melasma in Xinjiang and Tibet is higher than that of Han Chinese, which is mainly related to the high altitude of these places and the stronger sunshine in spring and summer.
7.Why does ultraviolet light induce or aggravate melasma?
It is because UV can activate the activity of tyrosinase in the skin and make melanocytes proliferate at the irradiated area, thus increasing melanin production. Frequent exposure to sunlight can make melanocytes on the face, especially on the forehead, cheeks and lips, reach 2000/mm2 or more, while other parts are 100/mm2, which is one of the reasons why melasma is more likely to occur on the face.
8.Is melasma hereditary? My mom and dad have good skin, but I have melasma, how is it?
Melasma is not a hereditary disease, but the following evidence proves that the occurrence of melasma has some connection with genetic factors: (1) Melasma occurs in certain populations or races, for example, the incidence rate in Latin America can reach 60-70%, which is much higher than other regions. (2) In the course of treatment of 300 patients, madhu found that those with family history should account for more than 30%. miguel reported that 70.4% of 28 male patients had family history. He believes that genetic cause is the main factor of melasma in men. Therefore, just because the mother and father do not have it, it does not mean that their daughters will not have it in the future. In addition, it is common that several sisters have melasma at the same time.
9.Can cosmetics cause melasma?
Improper use of cosmetics, especially the blind use of spot removal products, will stimulate the skin and lead to pigmentation after inflammation. In addition, the content of zinc, copper, mercury and lead in many unqualified cosmetics exceeds the normal standard, and the skin absorbs them to enhance tyrosinase activity and accelerate melanin synthesis. On the basis of this, the face is exposed to ultraviolet light, which activates the tyrosinase present in the melanocytes and accelerates the action of tyrosine, making it oxidized to dopa and further oxidized to brown melanin, thus inducing aggravation of melasma. Therefore, the correct choice of cosmetics is also very important to prevent the occurrence of melasma.
10.Why is it that the skin is good when I use spot removal cream, but the spot is heavier and the skin is rougher after I stop using it?
At present, the cosmetic market is not standardized, so we can’t rule out that some products are not qualified at the factory, or the qualified products are not used properly under the guidance of professional doctors, and patients blindly listen to the advertisement and apply them without authorization, thus there are a lot of complications and side effects. Most of the popular spot removal creams on the market contain peeling drugs and hormone drugs. The irregular use of these drugs can lead to the destruction of the natural protective barrier of the skin, thus leading to the disruption of the immune function of the skin and the decrease of the resistance to external damage, which makes it easier for spots to appear or aggravate the existing spots. Strictly speaking, spot removal products should be used under the guidance of professional dermatologists in order to maximize their therapeutic effects and avoid side effects.
11.My good friend lost her love a while ago, and recently she has grown a face full of chloasma, so she is more depressed, what should she do?
Emotional changes will affect the hormonal secretion of human body. The common emotional changes of melasma patients include irritability, depression, neurosis, etc. The influence of emotion on melasma is not only shown in that it can cause disease, but when melasma occurs, patients may also have bad psychology such as pain and anxiety, isolation and loneliness, eagerness for success, disappointment and discouragement, which may further aggravate the condition of melasma. Therefore, to keep the mood relaxed, face the disease squarely and actively cooperate with the doctor for treatment has a crucial influence on the recovery of melasma.
12.Will contraceptive drugs lead to the occurrence of melasma?
Some reports show that 29% of people who take oral contraceptives will have melasma, and the incidence of melasma is similar whether they take it continuously or intermittently. In addition, long-term use of certain drugs, such as dormant, phenytoin sodium, diphenhydramine, and ambien, can also trigger the occurrence of melasma.
13. Does having melasma mean that the liver is not good?
A: Melasma is often caused by or accompanied by certain chronic diseases, especially gynecological diseases. Such as: menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, uterine adnexitis, ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, infertility, **** lobular hyperplasia, hepatitis, cirrhosis, chronic alcoholism, thyroid disease, tuberculosis, psoriasis, neurotuberculosis, liver cancer and other malignant neoplastic diseases. However, there are also many melasma patients who cannot find any medical or gynecological disorders other than facial pigmentation.
Experienced doctors will take a detailed medical history and conduct some necessary auxiliary examinations to avoid delaying the disease.
14. Is there any connection between oxygen free radicals and the occurrence of melasma?
A: Under normal physiological conditions, oxygen free radicals (equivalent to some garbage in the skin) in human body will be continuously produced but also continuously removed. In melasma patients, this regulatory system may have some obstacles, resulting in the accumulation of some waste in the skin. Japanese dermatological researcher Kokura found that the amount of waste in the skin of melasma patients is five times higher than normal people, more so after ultraviolet radiation, and the severity of their symptoms is directly proportional to the waste in the skin.
15. I have a lot of spots on my chin and upper lip, could it be melasma?
A: According to clinical manifestations, melasma can be divided into three types.
(1) Facial type: lesions are distributed on the forehead, cheeks, upper lip, nose and chin.
(2) Cheek type: lesions are mainly located in the bilateral cheeks and nose.
(3) Mandibular type: lesions are mainly located on the lower jaw and occasionally accumulate in the “v” shaped area of the neck.
The possibility of melasma cannot be ruled out if there are spots on the chin and upper lip.
16. The beautician said my melasma is a dermal spot, how can she tell?
A: According to the depth of pigmentation, melasma can be divided into epidermal, dermal and mixed types. Even an experienced doctor can’t correctly determine which layer of melasma pigment is deposited by the naked eye alone. It depends on the wood light or professional “polarized light skin tester” to determine which type of melasma it is. In addition, according to whether the lesion is in the active stage or not, and whether there is a combination of metabolic disorder, the author believes that it can also be divided into the stationary stage and active stage of melasma based on clinical experience. Correctly judging the level and type of spots is very important for guiding clinical treatment.
17. Can the spots on my face be cured immediately? Doctor help me!
A: As a doctor, I understand very well the eagerness of melasma patients, but the characteristics of this disease itself determine that the treatment cannot be rushed, and many patients get half the result with twice the effort.
First of all, anxiety and nervousness, depression and anxiety will lead to hormonal imbalance in the body, which will trigger or aggravate melasma. In addition, the psychology of seeking medical help in a hurry may be used by some illegal medical practitioners or profit-seeking businessmen, and the unregulated treatment will make you worse. Therefore, the attitude of “if you are here, you are safe”, not to rush, relax and cooperate with the doctor’s treatment is crucial to the efficacy of treatment.
18. Doctor I want to be treated by you, but can you write me a guarantee? Guaranteed to be absolutely effective and never relapse!
A: Sorry, first of all, human body is a complex organism with very big individual differences. In addition, the complex and variable nature of the causes of melasma determines that there is not a unified and effective treatment method in China and abroad so far. Therefore, it is impossible for doctors to give you an absolute promise. From the clinical reports, at present, the efficacy of various methods and drugs in treating melasma varies greatly, and the clinical efficacy and efficiency are mostly between 40-80%. The reason for this difference is that, in addition to the efficacy and treatment process, it is also related to the non-uniform evaluation standard of efficacy, which has led to the situation that the results obtained by researchers vary greatly and have different connotations.
19. Is internal treatment or external treatment better for melasma?
A: The occurrence of melasma is closely related to the internal functional state of the body, so we should actively search for the cause with the assistance of doctors and combine internal and external treatment. If the cause of the disease is clear, the original disease should be actively treated. If no clear cause is found after various examinations and tests, active treatment should also be chosen. Topical treatments can improve the symptoms quickly if they are applied properly.
20. What means does Black Face Doll use to treat melasma?
A: The skin softening laser launched by Black Face Doll is one of the effective treatment methods designed for Asian people to remove melasma quickly. The treatment plan is painless, redness-free and crust-free period, so that patients who undergo the treatment can see the changes without realizing it. In addition, the treating doctor will develop an internal and daily maintenance plan according to each individual’s different situation. This results in the suppression of recurrence.