In March 1987, French obstetrician and gynecologist Dr. Mouret successfully performed the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the world’s medical history in conjunction with laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The success of this operation immediately caused a sensation in the world of surgery. In the following years, with the most innovative American surgical community as the pioneer, the new technological revolution of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was rapidly emerging in the surgical community of developed countries around the world, and due to the success of LC surgery and the rapid promotion and widespread use of this new technology, the medical concept and technical practice of minimally invasive surgery was successfully implemented in more and more traditional surgical fields, thus Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), a new technical discipline with a continuous fusion of tradition and modern spirit, has become the main theme of global surgical development in the new century. 21st century surgery should be perfect surgery, and minimally invasive surgery is the sublimation of 21st century surgery. Compared with traditional surgery, laparoscopic surgery has the following advantages: 1, general anesthesia is generally used, the monitoring measures are complete, and the safety of surgery is greatly increased. 2, abdominal wall poke hole instead of abdominal wall incision, avoid the injury of abdominal wall muscles, blood vessels and corresponding nerves, postoperative weakness of the abdominal wall and abdominal wall incision hernia will not occur, will not affect the motor function because of abdominal wall muscle scarring, and will not cause corresponding skin numbness because of abdominal wall nerve cut. Poke hole infection is far less than the traditional open incision infection or fat liquefaction, and can almost be disregarded. 3. Traditional surgical scars are long and striped, such as those of cholecystectomy, which are more than 12 cm long and affect the appearance. In contrast, laparoscopic surgery requires only 3~10mm small poking holes in the abdominal wall, which are scattered and concealed, and the abdomen can be basically scar-free after surgery, which is especially suitable for women’s cosmetic needs. 4, the lighting used in laparoscopic surgery can reach deep into the surgical field, and the lighting is good and has a magnifying effect. The operator’s hand does not enter the body and can operate outside the body. Small incisions, no traction and trocar protection are important aspects that make laparoscopic surgery different from open surgery and are important factors for minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery. 5.Since the operator’s hand does not enter the abdominal cavity, thus reducing the damage to the plasma membrane layer of the organs in the abdominal cavity and the interference with organ function, the gastrointestinal function recovers quickly after surgery and there are very few organ adhesions in the abdominal cavity. 6, laparoscopic surgery requires a bloodless surgical environment, and in principle, it is a bloodless surgery; using ultrasonic knife instead of ordinary scalpel, the high-frequency (55.5Hz) mechanical vibration of ultrasonic knife head can produce high temperature of 80℃, prompting tissue protein decomposition and coagulation, and producing the effect of hemostasis, cutting and separation. It effectively reduces intraoperative instrument replacement (saves time) and instrument configuration (saves money). Due to the above advantages of ultrasonic knife, surgical operations are mostly performed with coagulation and hemostasis before separation or separation while hemostasis. Most laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations rarely bleed, generally averaging 25 mL. Dr. Chou Tsung-Kuang et al. did laparoscopic resection of low rectal cancer with only 5 to 80 mL of bleeding, averaging 45 mL. The laparoscopic splenectomy group also bleeds less than the open group. Smaller wound with less bleeding is also a reason. 7.Significantly shortened operation time, that is, with the improvement of technical level and accumulation of experience, as well as the successful development of new applicable instruments, experienced surgeons and matured operations have gradually shortened the operation time. The general cholecystectomy surgery is about 30~100min. Similarly, the shortening of the operation time can also reduce the damage. The reason is that laparoscopic surgery is less traumatic to the surgical area, and the stress reaction of the whole body is light and has little effect on the immune system. Post-operative pain is light, and generally patients no longer need pain medication after surgery. Patients can resume normal activities within a short period of time, thus avoiding pulmonary complications and wound complications. 9. Early feeding is possible, and the body’s regular supplemental nutrition via the mouth is quickly restored. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be discharged from the hospital on the same day or the next day after the operation and can resume normal activities generally on the second day after the operation and 7~10 days after the operation. Bowel function is resumed 2 days after laparoscopic splenectomy, or a liquid diet. The average stay in the hospital after surgery is 5 days. The time of restoration of bowel function and the time of stay in the hospital after laparoscopic colectomy were also significantly shorter than that of open surgery. 10. The video data of the whole operation can be saved, so in case of medical disputes, it can be accessed at any time, which increases the transparency of medical practice. In addition to the above advantages, the following three special advantages of laparoscopic surgery compared with traditional open surgery need to be emphasized here. First, for patients, because of the minimally invasive nature of laparoscopic surgery, they can generally be discharged from the hospital one to two days after surgery, and they can return to light work 10 to 15 days earlier than in open surgery, and to heavy work 20 to 30 days earlier than in open surgery. From a social and medical economics point of view, the good results of laparoscopic surgery are very beneficial in terms of improving individual survival and quality of life, as well as in terms of social and family stability and protection of labor productivity. In addition, in elderly patients and patients with a variety of other medical conditions, there are many contraindications to traditional open surgery. In contrast, laparoscopic surgery is less disruptive to the body and has a faster postoperative recovery, which can significantly expand the range of surgical indications for elderly patients compared with traditional open surgery, providing more opportunities for surgical treatment. In addition, compared with traditional surgery, laparoscopic surgery can perform two or more types of abdominal surgery in the same incision without increasing the trauma. For example, when a patient has both gallbladder disease and appendiceal disease, laparoscopy can use the incision of cholecystectomy to perform appendectomy at the same time, whereas conventional surgery requires two incisions or a “through-the-sky” incision through the upper and lower abdominal walls. While we fully recognize the advantages of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, we must also clearly understand its weaknesses and shortcomings. For those with complex pathology, severe adhesions, anatomical difficulties or cardiopulmonary insufficiency, although the surgery can be completed laparoscopically, it is often time-consuming and laborious, with many risk factors, and it is still appropriate to turn on the surgery. It should be fully recognized that it is impossible for laparoscopy to completely replace open surgery in the future when the technology and equipment are well established. However, laparoscopy has a wide range of exploration, clear image display for all to see, integrated diagnosis and treatment, minimally invasive and efficient, and undoubtedly has the vitality and broad prospects of the times.