Sebaceous cysts are also known as pemphigoid or sebaceous tumors. It is a kind of sebaceous secretion storage and depression disease. It is common in young people. The main manifestation is blackhead acne and cyst infection in the lesion, and occasionally cancerous changes occur. Treatment is based on anti-infection and surgical excision. 1. Symptoms and signs (1) Preferred sites Mostly occur on the face, forehead, back and scrotum. (2) Clinical symptoms One or more soft or solid round spheres, varying in size from small ones like bean grains to large ones of 7-8 cm in diameter, often with skin adhesions on the surface and the base can be pushed. A small open hole can sometimes be found on the surface skin, and a little white powder is squeezed out when squeezed. Cysts can exist for many years without conscious symptoms. Lesions may be solitary, occasionally or multiple. The number of particularly large is called multiple sebaceous cysts or sebaceous cyst disease. 2.Treatment with medication Generally, no treatment is often required. Treatment should be sought in the event of secondary infection or lesions. (1) secondary infection outbound can apply antibacterial drugs; those with abscess formation should also do incision and drainage. (2) Lesions may be surgically removed. A pike incision should be made at the skin area with the cyst and its duct opening, and the cyst should be removed together with the cyst, in the direction of the skin grain. If infection has been complicated and adhesions occur in the surrounding tissues, the cyst should be completely removed during surgery. The cyst wall is thin and easily broken, so it is better to remove it completely, otherwise the residual cyst wall tissues will be easy to incur recurrence of cyst. Endoscopic surgery for removal of subcutaneous cysts can avoid the appearance of surgical incision scar, which is a new surgical method developed by science and technology in recent years. 3, dietary care Reduce the intake of fried, spicy, nutty food: this type of food is easy to stimulate the growth of facial pimples, acne, acne or facial blisters, so to reduce the problem of acne, acne or facial blisters, we must first change the diet, drink more water and eat more vegetables and fruits, accelerate the body’s metabolism, and promote the ability of cell detoxification. Due to the different body types of patients, we classify the dietary care according to the body type. Dry skin dry skin, less oil so after surgery should eat more beans, alkaline substances such as soy, adzuki beans, black beans, kelp, nori, fruits, vegetables. 4, preventive care People with sebaceous cysts should pay special attention to the care of the skin, to be hygienic, to do diligent bathing, diligent dressing, diligent nail cutting. Sebaceous cysts often occur in the head and face and other areas rich in sebaceous glands, and are prone to combined infection, local redness, swelling, pressure and pain, and even septic ulceration, therefore, surgical excision is recommended, and the wall of the cyst must be completely removed during surgery, otherwise it is easy to recur. 5.Pathogenesis It is formed by occlusion or narrowing of sebaceous duct opening and sebum accumulation, not real tumor. 6.Disease diagnosis Sometimes it is necessary to differentiate from epidermoid cyst, dermatomycosis and lipoma, etc. (1) Epidermoid cysts are mostly caused by the implantation of epidermal tissue under the skin during trauma and continue to proliferate. With a history of trauma, they are commonly found in the fingers, palms, toes and other areas. Epidermoid cysts are deep and do not adhere to the superficial skin. The texture is soft and tough, with high tension. (2) Dermatomal cysts are congenital disorders with early onset, commonly found in the orbit, fontanel, occipital bulge and other parts of the body. The cysts are deeper and their bases are often immobile with deeper tissues such as fascia or periosteum. (3) Lipoma is flat and lobulated, located under the skin. If you push the local skin along the two sides of the swelling, orange peel-like signs can appear. 7.Examination methods Laboratory tests: No relevant content is available at present. Other auxiliary examinations: There is no relevant content description at present. 8.Complications Because the cysts have openings on the skin surface, they are prone to infection, septicemia and recurrence. 9.Prognosis A few sebaceous cysts can become cancerous, most of them become basal cell carcinoma and a few become squamous carcinoma. Histopathological examination shows that the sebaceous gland is cystic, and the cyst is filled with white powder-like sebaceous secretion and broken sebaceous cells and a lot of cholesterol crystals, which has bad odor. The outer layer of the cyst wall is composed of fibrous connective tissue and the inner layer is composed of epithelial cells. When the cyst ruptures, foreign body giant cells may appear around it.