When it comes to bronchoscopy, many people are reluctant to do this examination, but many patients feel helpless after getting sick, in fact, it is mainly because people do not understand this examination at all. In addition, there are advanced equipment and technology such as bronchoscopy that can do various treatments, and there is also great progress in anesthesia and examination technology, which can be tolerated by the general public. Bronchoscopy has long become an important tool for clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases in pulmonary medicine.
Bronchoscopy not only diagnoses lung diseases but also performs various treatments in the trachea. With the development of technology, the diameter of bronchoscopy has become smaller and can examine the lower bronchi, and the scope of examination has been expanded, even to the edge of the lung for biopsy. Tumors in the trachea can be detected and biopsies can be taken through bronchoscopy. Taking biopsy. The lavage fluid can be used to find cancer cells and confirm the diagnosis at an early stage;
In patients with coughing blood, the site of bleeding can be accurately identified; in patients with atelectasis, the cause of bronchial obstruction can be directly seen; in patients with serious infections, the pathogenic bacteria can be accurately identified through bronchial brushings; in some long-term unexplained chronic cough, cytological analysis of endobronchial secretions can be done, which is very meaningful for diagnosis. In conclusion, bronchoscopic brushings can be used to diagnose many pathogens. Biopsy pathology can diagnose many diseases. It is also possible to observe early endotracheal lesions and the extent of lesions by some advanced equipment, such as bronchoscopic ultrasound and fluorescence bronchoscopy, which are beyond the reach of ordinary X-ray and CT. As a result, its indications are becoming more and more widespread, allowing many lung diseases to be clarified as soon as possible and subsequently treated early.
Common diseases that require bronchoscopy are.
1, benign and malignant tumors of the bronchi and lungs.
2.Bronchial endothelium and pulmonary tuberculosis.
3.Unexplained coughing up blood or blood in sputum;
4, CT or X-ray findings of confined shadows in the lungs of a nature to be determined should actively do this examination;
5, the diagnosis of diffuse shadows and the diagnosis of causes of pulmonary atelectasis and obstructive pneumonia are very meaningful.
6.Diagnosis of infectious diseases of the lung;
7, persistent cough of unknown origin; or chronic cough with recent change in nature and frequency;
8, unexplained hoarseness. In conclusion, we found that in clinical work, many diseases are detected early by X-ray and bronchoscopy, especially in patients with lung cancer, where early diagnosis is particularly important.
The therapeutic role of bronchoscopy is not well understood by patients in general, but in fact, its role in treatment is not less than in diagnosis. In fact, its role in treatment is not less than that in diagnosis. In simple terms, it can aspirate obstructions such as sputum and foreign bodies from the trachea, remove secretions, perform repeated local suctioning, irrigation and lavage of the lungs, locally instill drugs, guide tracheal intubation, and observe mucosal changes after intubation. For more complicated ones, it can be used for local electric knife and argon knife to remove tumor in bronchus, and also can be used directly to stop bleeding, place stents in trachea with stenosis caused by various etiologies, and carry out local radiotherapy, etc. In conclusion, bronchoscopic treatment techniques are becoming more and more widely used and cannot be replaced by other means.
Bronchoscopy is usually inserted through the nose or mouth, and the doctor will also administer various kinds of anesthesia as needed, and it is not too painful. It can be said that as long as the patient sets a good attitude and actively cooperates with the treatment. It is completely tolerable.
There are some people who are not suitable for bronchoscopy. For example, those who absolutely cannot do bronchoscopy include
1, patients with extreme failure; people with severe heart disease, heart rhythm disorders, more severe hypertension (BP〉160/100mmHG).
2.;People with recent unstable angina or with myocardial infarction; people with severe respiratory insufficiency;
3, People with severe bleeding tendency ;
4. People suffering from pulmonary hypertension, arteriovenous fistula, aortic aneurysm; people who are allergic to anesthetics.
There are also some that belong to relative contraindications, such as people who are mentally abnormal and uncooperative, people who are in the acute infection period of high fever, people who cough up a larger amount of blood and people who are in the acute attack of asthma, although they are also not suitable for bronchoscopy, which can be decided according to the specific situation. In addition, we would like to remind you that the day before the bronchoscopy or bronchoscopy, patients should relax physically and mentally, rest well, and fast for 4-6 hours and 2-3 hours before the procedure to avoid infection caused by water or food reflux into the trachea during the examination.