Aplastic anemia is a stubborn blood system disease with an incidence rate of 0.74/100,000, and the trend is increasing in recent years. Acute reblastosis has a high mortality rate of up to 70%, while chronic reblastosis has a prolonged course and no improvement in long-term treatment, which makes many patients fear and give up treatment, which seriously affects the efficacy of treatment, and also makes some patients who should be cured to be prolonged for a long time, causing great losses to society and families. The pathogenesis of reoccurrence has three points: first, the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells are damaged or reduced, which is equivalent to the poor quality seeds used by farmers to grow crops, resulting in insufficient blood cell production; second, the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment is defective, which is equivalent to the soil not being fertile for farmers to grow crops, and also affects the production of blood cells; third, the immune system is disturbed, and there is an increase in suppressive lymphocytes, which is equivalent to pests in crops, and also aggravates the impact on the production of hematopoietic cells. The third is a disorder of the immune system, with an increase in suppressive lymphocytes, which is equivalent to the production of pests in the crops, which in turn aggravates the effect on hematopoietic cell production. These three mechanisms lead to a simultaneous decrease in the three components of hematopoietic cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which makes the patient’s condition heavier and more difficult to treat, and many patients have poor treatment results. The traditional treatment for reblastoma includes taking stanozolol, environmental protection bacteriophage A, reblastogenic blood tablets, and the shortest time should be enough for three months, otherwise it is difficult to see the effect. In addition, consolidation and maintenance treatment should be at least one and a half to two years, otherwise it is easy to relapse or not heal for a long time. With the continuous progress of medicine, new drugs and new treatments are increasing, such as monoclonal antibodies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and umbilical cord blood transplantation, which have made a breakthrough in the treatment of reoccurrence, and many patients have recovered and resumed their work.