What is checked during the postpartum checkup? The time it takes from the birth of the placenta to the return of all the organs of the mother’s body, except the mammary glands, to the normal state of non-pregnancy is called the puerperium, and it usually takes 6 weeks, during which all the systems of the mother’s body will undergo a series of changes due to the end of the pregnancy and the changes in hormone levels, etc., and ultimately, the aim is to return to pre-pregnancy, and in most cases, most of the functions of the organs will be restored. We carry out postpartum review is mainly to see whether the mother through their own adjustments to achieve a normal state, if not which aspects of the problem and then give targeted intervention. 1, general examination: weight, blood pressure, pulse, blood and urine routine, according to the condition of pregnancy and labor and delivery of the targeted examination: such as nail function, OGTT, liver and kidney function, ultrasound and so on. Note: (1) If there are comorbidities or complications during pregnancy such as severe diabetes, hypertension, postpartum hemorrhage, etc., especially if there are abnormalities such as dizziness, headache, blurred vision, fatigue, panic, hemorrhage, etc., with markedly elevated blood pressure and fluctuating blood glucose, it is recommended to consult the doctor at any time or follow up postpartum on time to learn about changes in the specialty’s condition, and to adjust the treatment plan appropriately. (2) If the condition is mild, it is not necessary to stick to 42 days postpartum, and appropriate adjustments can be made according to the needs of the epidemic and one’s own situation: for gestational diabetes, continue to pay attention to one’s dietary habits, and intermittent monitoring of blood glucose, and wait for a review of the OGTT at the time of the follow-up consultation; if there is hypertension, pay attention to rest, and intermittent monitoring of blood pressure can be made; if iron-deficiency anemia is diagnosed in pregnancy, at the time of labor, and postpartum, continue to have more iron-rich foods in diet, and observe the dietary requirements for iron deficiency. Eat iron-rich foods and take oral iron supplements as prescribed by the discharging doctor. (3) If there is no urinary frequency, urgency, pain, serious inability to hold urine, or inability to urinate, you can pay attention to perineal hygiene and care, drink more water, and urinate on time. Specialized examination: mainly to understand the wound healing, recovery of the uterus and other pelvic organs, the state of the pelvic floor muscles, the return of menstruation, feeding and so on. (1) The wounds here include: abdominal incision of cesarean section, perineal lateral incision wound, perineal laceration wound. Generally perineal wounds are more blood-rich and can heal in 3-4 days, abdominal wounds in 5-7 days. Need to pay attention to: The wound should be kept dry and hygienic, you can shower and bathe, change underwear in time, wear loose and breathable clothes, if there is no obvious bleeding to reduce the use of sanitary napkins and pads type of items. If the wound is localized with redness, swelling, tenderness of hard nodules, oozing, need to consult a doctor in time. Sometimes you will find small threads exposed from the wound, don’t be too nervous, some people do not accept these absorbable threads and reject themselves, they will slowly fall off, not accompanied by obvious redness, swelling and pain and oozing on the line. (2) uterine recovery: when the fetus after delivery of the placenta, the body’s various hormones, such as estrogen, progesterone, placental lactogen, etc. will immediately decline, prompting the uterine muscle contraction, gradually return to the pre-pregnancy size. The uterus will gradually return to its pre-pregnancy size. It can be around the umbilical cord level on the first day after delivery, and then it will decline at a rate of 1-2cm per day to return to its normal size on the 42nd day after delivery. (3) Evil Dew: After delivery, the stripped uterine lining mixed with blood and necrotic ecchymotic tissue is called evil dew. It may have a bloody taste, no odor, and lasts for 4-6 weeks. Bloody Dew: usually 3-4 days, red in color, with small blood clots. Plasma Dew: lasts about 10 days, light red in color. White: lasts about 3 weeks, whitish in color and thick. Note: If a small amount of bloody discharge occurs during breastfeeding, it is a normal phenomenon, because sucking on the nipple can stimulate the uterus to contract to discharge the blood or fluid remaining in the uterine cavity; if in the month because of emotional fluctuations, tiredness, poor rest, it is possible to make the blood-tinged discharge last longer; in addition to cesarean section of mothers’ discharge time will sometimes be relatively longer. Don’t be too nervous, don’t be in a hurry to run to the hospital, rest well at home first. If the discharge, especially bloody and plasma, is always dripping, or even has a bad smell, with or without abdominal pain, it is necessary to go to the hospital for postpartum checkups to see if there is poor uterine contraction, whether there is any residual gestational tissue, and whether there is any infection in the uterine cavity. (4) Pelvic floor function: With the progress of society and the improvement of people’s living standard, we are more and more concerned about the pelvic floor function and the problems caused by the pelvic floor muscle injury after delivery. There are many mothers who are worried about the pelvic floor muscle exercise on the 42nd day after delivery, or else there will be leakage of urine, prolapse of organs, and disharmony in sex life. Here and all the new moms say: postpartum attention to the pelvic floor muscle repair is a good thing, but this time problem, certainly the sooner the better, but a little later? It doesn’t matter, it’s not too late to rehabilitate your pelvic floor within six months of giving birth. Compared to the ignorant mom who refuses to look at the symptoms, it’s not too late to start pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation at any time. So how can you do pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation at home during this special time? Don’t stand for long periods of time holding your baby (or carrying heavy objects). Make it a habit to go to the toilet on time, don’t hold in urine, and drink plenty of water (besides replenishing milk, it can also help the numb and sluggish bladder to wake up). Postpartum is also a high incidence of constipation, the diet should be properly supplemented with dietary fiber foods such as miscellaneous grains, fruits, vegetables, etc. It is important to know that prolonged constipation will also aggravate the pelvic floor muscle damage, and even lead to urinary leakage. Mothers who are already overweight and obese must control their weight under the premise of ensuring calories during breastfeeding. Do your own Kegel exercises: the easiest way is to imagine that the part of the body that is used when the urine is clamped shut in the middle of the day is the pelvic floor muscle that needs to be contracted to do Kegel exercises. Relax the abdominal muscles, contract the pelvic floor muscles for 3 seconds each time, relax for 3 seconds, 10-15 minutes each time, 2-3 times a day, or you can do 150-200 times a day. The duration can be gradually lengthened according to the individual’s ability to practice; do not go to practice every time you relieve urination, it is easy to secondary urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence and other problems. (5) Menstruation: The return of menstruation and the time of ovulation after childbirth will be affected by breastfeeding. Many people don’t have menstruation during breastfeeding, but there are cases that menstruation occurs 1 month after delivery, and the amount, state and duration of menstruation may be different from that before pregnancy, so don’t be too nervous, you can observe it and remember the time of menstruation so as to know the regularity of menstruation in the future. During breastfeeding, especially 4-6 months after delivery, you can ovulate, so if you have intercourse during this period, you must use contraception, because the time of ovulation is too uncertain. Mothers who are not breastfeeding usually resume menstruation 6-10 weeks after delivery. Note: If there is still bleeding after 6 weeks, a lot of bleeding or dripping, you should not use the concept of menstruation to understand, you need to go to the hospital to see the doctor to find the cause of the bleeding in a timely manner. (6) Breastfeeding: I believe that mothers have received formal breastfeeding education in the hospital, and know that breast milk is very beneficial to mothers and babies: to enhance the relationship between mothers and babies, to promote milk secretion, to promote uterine rejuvenation, to provide adequate nutrition for the baby, and so on. Note: Exclusive breastfeeding follows the principle of breastfeeding on demand, and babies generally suckle for 20-30 minutes at a time. Suckle on one side and then the other. If you don’t have enough milk, you should insist on not giving up breastfeeding and breastfeeding on demand, as well as regulating your diet and drinking more soup. If there is breast swelling, mild can be wet compresses on the breast before breastfeeding for 3-5 minutes, and massage the breast, increase the number of breastfeeding, empty the breast; if the breast swelling and pain is obvious, accompanied by fever, there is obvious redness, swelling and tenderness of the hard knots, with the above methods can not be relieved, and then go to the hospital for medical treatment. If the nipple is cracked, you can squeeze a small amount of milk on the nipple before and after breastfeeding to keep it moist, and help the baby to hold all of the nipple and most of the areola while sucking; in serious cases, you can stop direct breastfeeding and squeeze or suck out the milk before feeding it to the baby. Some mothers have abundant milk, natural “cows”, and now do not recommend intercommunication, so how to do a lot of breast milk? You can choose to express the milk and store it in a milk storage bag at 20-30℃ <4 hours, 4℃ <48 hours, -15℃~-5℃ for 6 months. Most moms naturally return to their pre-pregnancy state after giving birth, and this is the time to remember some of the cut-off points mentioned above: for example, how long did the bad dew last, ah, when did the period come, ah, how is the blood sugar and blood pressure measured by yourself. ah. A good memory is better than a bad pen, a short period of time can not go to the postpartum checkup, you can write down, otherwise really to the postpartum checkup that day, the doctor asked three, can not be blamed on "a pregnancy three years stupid". If there are some serious or special circumstances mentioned above, or other discomforts, please go to the hospital in a timely manner, do a good job of personal protection before going out, keep a certain distance from other people in public places, and pay attention to hand hygiene at home, so don't be too nervous. In short, I hope that you will not "choke on your food": you do not need to rush to the hospital, a sensitive place, because you do not understand some normal postnatal phenomena, and you do not need to ignore those abnormal postnatal conditions that may be fatal because you are worried about contracting the coronavirus.