Patient: Description of condition (onset time, main symptoms, hospital visited, etc.): Hi Dr. Pan, I was recently introduced by a colleague that one of his friend’s child had surgery for hypospadias in Guangzhou, but the post-operative result was not satisfactory and a urinary fistula developed. Then he went to your place and had another surgery. Now it is cured. I have another friend whose son also has this disease. He doesn’t know why the surgery failed. I was asked to consult with you. Pan Yongbin, Department of Pediatric Urology, Nanhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Foshan City: Hello, the success of hypospadias surgery is the result of many factors, such as the severity of the child’s condition (what we call typing and grading), the surgeon’s technique, post-operative infection, and of course, many details. Common complications of surgery include urinary fistula, urethral stricture, urethral diverticulum, etc. Objectively speaking, our success rate for hypospadias II or III or higher is about 80%. Parents should not worry too much, as there are a few cases of urethral fistula, and the second stage repair is more than 90% successful.