What are the screening methods for anal malformations?

The occurrence of anorectal malformations is the result of disorders that occur during embryonic development and are essentially the same in males and females, with only anatomical differences. As a result of the cloacal separation process, the urogenital sinus communicates with the anorectal sinus, constituting a high or intermediate malformation, and various anorectal dysplasias and fistulas between the rectum and urethra or vagina occur. As a result of impaired posterior anal migration process and perineal hypoplasia, it constitutes a low malformation, and anal skin fistula, anal vestibular fistula, and anal stenosis occur. As it is a somatic malformation, it is easy to diagnose. In addition to clinical examination, the distance between the blind end of the rectum and the plane of the anal raphe and the anal skin must be further determined to determine the type of malformation, the location of the fistula, and the combined malformation in order to choose the appropriate treatment. The inverse lateral radiograph is known as the Wangenst-een-Rice method, which requires the film to be taken more than 12 hours after birth, but attention must be paid to various influencing factors, such as insufficient intestinal inflation, too viscous fetal stool, movement of the levator muscle, and skewed X-ray projection angles, which can affect the correct position. Fistulogram Fistulogram is required to show the image of the colon when the contrast is injected and the image of the rectal fistula when the contrast is expelled.