The pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia is not yet completely clear, but it may be related to the fact that the trigeminal nerve is adjacent to certain blood vessels during intracranial travel and the vascular collaterals compress the trigeminal nerve to produce irritation. Generally, there are no obvious positive neurological signs during physical examination, and some patients may have superficial hyperalgesia in the area of trigeminal nerve innervation. The nature of trigeminal neuralgia is unique, usually electric shock-like pain, burning pain or tearing pain that lasts only a few seconds and can recur, ranging from several to hundreds of episodes a day. There are trigger points on the face such as around the nose and mouth, and tapping the trigger point with the finger can trigger a neuralgia attack, as can eating, washing the face, brushing the teeth, or speaking.