1.What are blood lipids and lipoproteins? Lipids are the general term for the fatty substances in blood, including cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Since most of these lipids are non-water soluble, they must be combined with certain carriers before they can be transported and metabolized. 2.What does dyslipidemia mean? Dyslipidemia is an abnormality of lipid metabolism in human body, which is actually an abnormality of lipoprotein metabolism and is one of the important factors leading to atherosclerosis. According to the current laboratory tests in most hospitals, it mainly includes elevated total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and/or reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). 3.What are the dangers of dyslipidemia? Lipid components such as cholesterol and triglycerides are essential and important substances in the body and perform important physiological functions under normal conditions. However, when they accumulate in the blood in excess of a certain amount for various reasons, they pose a health hazard. It is mainly deposited on the walls of blood vessels, gradually forming atherosclerotic plaques, making the walls thicken, the lumen narrow, blood flow is reduced, and in serious cases, blood flow is interrupted, resulting in acute and chronic ischemia and hypoxia of the corresponding organs. If this happens in the coronary arteries of the heart, it will cause coronary angina or myocardial infarction; if it happens in the brain, it will cause cerebral insufficiency or acute stroke; if it blocks the fundus artery, it will cause vision loss or even blindness; if it happens in the kidney, it will cause renal artery stenosis and renal failure; if it happens in the mesenteric artery, it will cause abdominal pain and blood in the stool due to mesenteric artery embolism; if it happens in the lower limbs, it will cause intermittent claudication, blood in the stool, etc. If it occurs in the lower limbs, intermittent claudication, resting pain or even limb necrosis may occur. Therefore, the consequences of dyslipidemia are very serious and have a high mortality and disability rate. If it is accompanied by hypertension and diabetes, it will be more ravaging and life-threatening. 4.Who is prone to dyslipidemia? People who have a family history of hyperlipidemia; middle-aged and elderly people (but now there is a trend of youth); people who have a long-term high-fat and high-calorie diet; people who are overweight, especially those who are centripetal obese; people who are used to sitting still and do not often do physical activities and exercise; people who smoke and have an irregular life, are emotionally agitated and are in a nervous state; people who have certain underlying diseases, such as diabetes, kidney disease, hypothyroidism, etc. 5.What are the clinical manifestations of dyslipidemia? Dyslipidemia often starts insidiously and develops slowly, which is a chronic process. This is probably the main reason why many patients feel that there is no major problem and do not seek medical attention. However, the absence of symptoms does not mean that there is no dyslipidemia, which is a silent and invisible killer. If it is not detected, diagnosed, intervened and treated early, when it causes serious atherosclerosis and corresponding target organ damage, the symptoms and signs will be obvious, but it will be too late, and some cases are irreversible. Therefore, early and active treatment is necessary to prevent the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and to protect the heart, brain, kidneys and other vital organs, so as to protect life and improve the quality of life.