The etiology of strabismus is very complex, and although a lot of medical research and exploration has been done on the problem of strabismus, and good results have been achieved in the clinical management of most strabismus, the etiology cannot be completely understood yet, because almost all strabismus involves the complex central nervous system and its related visual reflexes, and our knowledge of the physiology of the higher centers in binocular vision is not complete. Our knowledge of the physiology of the higher centers of binocular vision is incomplete, and the understanding of some of the problems is not lacking in inference and association or remains at the stage of doctrine; the current understanding of the etiology of strabismus is roughly as follows: Studio Ophthalmology Li Yongliang
1. Anatomical factors: The eye is located in the orbit, fixed and restricted by the surrounding fascia or soft tissues, and rotates flexibly and precisely under the action of the extraocular muscles; therefore, the development of the orbit, abnormalities of the intraorbital fascia and soft tissues, as well as the development of the extraocular muscles and the abnormalities of their attachment points can have an impact on the position of the eye.
2. Refractive factors: The refractive state is different, the adjustment needed to gaze at objects and the adjustment impulses issued by the visual center are different, and therefore the resulting collections are different, which have different effects on eye position.
3. Disorders in the ratio of regulation and assembly: Our eyes can see far and near, and both will focus the vision of both eyes precisely on the object of gaze, an important aspect of which depends on the normal ratio of regulation and assembly, if the ratio of regulation and assembly is significantly disorders will affect the eye position of seeing far or near.
4. Abnormalities in neuromuscular innervation: coordination of binocular movements must require a balance of nerve impulses between the various motor muscles of both eyes so that no matter which direction the two eyes are looking, no matter whether they are looking far or near, whether they are collecting or separating the sight will be accurately aligned with the target. However, mild abnormalities can also develop over time, resulting in common strabismus.
5. Abnormalities of binocular visual emission: In order to maintain the coordination of binocular gaze and movement, the balance between the muscles must be constantly adjusted through a series of precise reflex activities to maintain the coordination of both eyes. A sound binocular visual reflex is an important factor in controlling the eye from strabismus and maintaining the eye in an upright position.
6. Genetic factors and triggering factors such as high fever, shock and trauma.