Treatment (a) Treatment in the compensated phase Avoid excessive physical work and strenuous exercise to protect cardiac function; patients with rheumatic heart disease should be actively prevented from streptococcal infection and rheumatic activity as well as infective endocarditis. (B) Treatment of decompensated phase For those who develop clinical symptoms, it is appropriate to take oral diuretics and limit sodium intake. When right heart failure is obvious or rapid atrial fibrillation occurs, digitalis preparations can relieve symptoms and control the ventricular rate. If persistent atrial fibrillation has been present for less than one year, drug or electric cardioversion should be considered. Anticoagulation therapy can be used for long-term heart failure with AF to prevent thrombosis and arterial embolism.