How to determine if it is dwarfism?
According to the newspaper, there are more than 8 million people with short stature due to growth disorders in China, and the number is increasing by more than 160,000 every year. The prevalence rate among children aged 5 to 14 is 3%. Short stature not only makes people distressed. It can also affect the physical and mental health and intellectual development of children. Chen Yingchun, a pediatrician, reminds parents that they must have a correct attitude toward their children’s short stature, so as not to neglect treatment and cause epiphyseal closure, resulting in growth arrest and irreversible consequences.
The first step should be to determine whether the child is short. “We call children below two standard deviations or the third percentile of the average height of children of the same age and sex as dwarfism, and stature depends on a variety of factors such as genetics, endocrine, nutrition, metabolism, education and climate, and can be divided into non-disease dwarfism and disease dwarfism, with the former growing at a normal rate and the latter at a delayed rate. ” Most dwarfism is a manifestation of growth disorders in children, and early treatment is important for children to grow taller normally.
The following describes several common diseases causing dwarfism: 1. Malnutrition dwarfism, growth hormone deficiency, late-onset hypothyroidism, congenital ovarian hypoplasia and psycho-behavioral dwarfism, the common feature of these diseases is growth retardation, annual height growth is lower than the standard for children of the same age and sex, in kindergarten he is half a head shorter (5 cm to 10 cm) than the children in the same class, in In secondary school, he will be one head shorter than his classmates (10 cm to 20 cm), and as he gets older, the gap gradually increases compared to small children of the same age, with normal intelligence, normal academic performance, and no obvious special discomfort; therefore, he often does not attract the attention of parents and teachers do not care.
2. Familial hereditary dwarfism, low birth weight children, premature children, less than fetal age children, and somatic growth retardation belong to non-disease dwarfism, whose common feature is that they are short at birth, but their growth rate is normal, and their height is always lower than normal, according to foreign data: 30% of less than fetal age children’s height never appear to catch up with the growth phenomenon, resulting in short adult height. Therefore, it is very important to intervene early for treatment so that you do not regret your whole life due to dwarfism.
How to make my child grow taller? To try to achieve the following four conditions: 1, to ensure adequate and balanced supply of nutrients Adequate nutrition refers to the daily intake of sufficient caloric energy and various nutrients, including protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, inorganic salts and water. Protein is particularly important, animal protein should be the main, such as pork, beef, fish, etc.; carbohydrates and fat are also essential nutrients for human growth and development, carbohydrates mainly from the rice and flour grain, so we should ensure the appropriate amount of meals every day; adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is beneficial to the growth of human bones. In addition to ensuring the quantity of diet, we should also pay attention to the reasonable combination and diversification of diet, i.e., coarse and fine, meat and vegetables, not picky and not partial food. Do not eat too many snacks, thus affecting the intake of important nutrients.
2, adhere to physical exercise, pay attention to the combination of work and rest Some studies have confirmed that children who exercise are on average 2 to 3 cm taller than children who do not exercise. Exercise can stimulate growth hormone secretion, promote metabolism and enhance appetite. Children and adolescents often engage in sports can promote the growth of bones, making them longer and thicker, and increasing bone density. At the same time, regular exercise can improve muscle strength, speed and endurance. It also burns excess fat and can effectively prevent obesity. Supervise your child for 20 to 40 minutes of effective exercise every day. By effective exercise means that the exercise should make the child’s heart rate reach 120 to 140 beats per minute, and appear sweating, feverish and rosy.
3, to ensure adequate sleep and a happy mood Promote the growth of the human body growth hormone at night in a pulse-like secretion, one hour after sleep secretion peak, every 3 to 4 hours secretion, secretion is more than half of the total amount of the day, so to ensure adequate sleep is conducive to growth; at the same time sleep muscle relaxation, conducive to joint and bone stretch. The length of sleep varies from age to age and varies greatly from individual to individual. The amount of sleep required during the day and night is 16 to 20 hours for newborns, 12 to 14 hours for 1 to 3 years old, 11 to 12 hours for 4 to 6 years old, 10 hours on average for 7 to 10 years old, 9 hours for 10 to 14 years old, and 7 to 8 hours for adults in general. And to ensure that the child carefree mood, the growth and development of children also has a great role in promoting.
4, prevention and control of disease Various acute and chronic diseases that cause physiological disorders can have a direct impact on the growth and development of children. Generally, the effect of acute diseases on growth is temporary, especially in the case of good nutritional status, can be quickly recovered. However, recurrent respiratory infections and diarrhea can significantly hinder the growth and development of children, so it is important to actively prevent and treat diarrhea and recurrent respiratory infections in infants. In addition, diseases such as chromosomal abnormalities, endocrine disorders, bone and cartilage development disorders, severe congenital heart disease, and chronic renal insufficiency can have a significant impact on growth and development, and are medically known as pathological dwarfism.