Malignant biliary obstruction is usually caused by pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer or some metastatic tumors, either primary or secondary, and the obstruction mostly occurs in the hepatic portal or distal bile duct. These patients are either in advanced stage of tumor with multiple metastases and lost the opportunity of surgery, or they cannot receive surgical treatment because of their advanced age, cardiopulmonary complications and high risk of surgery, thus they need to adopt non-surgical treatment methods to relieve biliary obstruction, relieve jaundice and improve liver and kidney function. Although the traditional stent (metal stent, plastic stent) treatment for malignant biliary obstruction can achieve the treatment purpose for a period of time, it is difficult to maintain the patency for a long time, and it is likely that the tumor tissue will continue to grow and block the stent. Radiofrequency ablation can be used to evaluate the length of biliary obstruction by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or percutaneous hepatic perforation cholangiography (PTC), and then use radiofrequency ablation catheter to thermally ablate the tumor to cause coagulative necrosis of tumor tissues, thus achieving the purpose of treating tumor, prolonging the survival period and improving the quality of life of patients; in addition, for patients whose biliary metal stent has been placed and then blocked again, radiofrequency ablation catheter can be used to treat the tumor and prolong the survival period. In addition, for patients with blockage again after biliary metal stents are placed, the blocked tumor tissue can be eliminated by radiofrequency ablation catheter to maintain biliary drainage, thus, radiofrequency ablation is a better palliative treatment for malignant obstruction of biliary tract, which is an improvement and supplement to traditional treatment methods.