Advantages of thoracoscopic surgery 1, small surgical trauma: ordinary open-chest surgery is very traumatic, the incision is more than 25cm, the chest wall is severely damaged, cutting off all layers of chest wall muscles, and also forcibly propping open the intercostal 10-20cm, post-operative pain has been difficult to solve. Thoracoscopic surgery is generally completed by making three small 1-3cm long incisions in the chest wall. Some difficult cases need auxiliary 5-10cm small incisions, but it is not necessary to forcefully open the intercostal area. 2.Light postoperative pain: Common open-chest surgery can last for months to years because of the large trauma to the chest wall. After thoracoscopic surgery, patients can get out of bed in 24 hours and can participate in physical activities 2-4 weeks after surgery. 3.Postoperative complications are relatively few and safer for elderly patients and patients with poor cardiopulmonary function. 4.Aesthetic, small wound, most patients, especially women and young people are more willing to accept. 5.Fast recovery and short hospitalization time. Indications for TV thoracoscopic surgery 1, pleural diseases: abscess chest, pleural mesothelioma, metastases, trauma hemostasis, pneumothorax, benign and malignant pleural effusion, etc. 2.Pulmonary diseases: resection of benign lung masses, lung reduction in some lung cancer patients and end-stage emphysema. 3.Esophageal diseases: esophageal smooth muscle tumor, esophageal diverticulum, cardia incontinentia, early esophageal cancer. 4.Mediastinal diseases: mediastinal tumors, mediastinal cysts. 5.Other: hand sweating, celiac disease, cardiopulmonary trauma. Thoracoscopic surgery has revolutionized thoracic surgery. It is undoubtedly a very good treatment for many benign diseases and diagnosis of malignant diseases, and it is better in terms of patient pain, recovery and wound aesthetics. With the right patient selection, the results are comparable to those of general open-heart surgery. In the treatment of malignant diseases, especially radical (esophageal or lung cancer) resection, it is still advisable to select patients carefully, because sometimes the tumor is too large and lumpectomy loses its advantages.